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Uma análise empírica de eficiência relativa nos mercados futuro e à vista de açúcar

Author

Listed:
  • Roseli da Silva
  • Rodrigo Takeuchi

Abstract

A verificação da eficiência do contrato futuro de açúcar é fundamental para que essa ferramenta de gerenciamento de risco seja eficaz em atender seu propósito de mitigar o risco dessas organizações que atuam no setor sucroalcooleiro. O presente trabalho avaliou a hipótese de eficiência relativa dos mercados futuro e à vista (spot) de açúcar em relação à hipótese de arbitragem nesses mercados. Seguindo o modelo de arbitragem desenvolvido por Brenner e Kroner (1995) e a metodologia de testes comparativos propostos por Kellard (2002), aplicaram-se procedimentos econométricos robustos (cointegração multivariada e modelo de correção de erros) para a avaliação da existência de cointegração entre preços à vista e futuros de açúcar, em conjunto com a taxa de juros doméstica, para os horizontes de 28 e 56 dias de previsão. A base de dados foi formada a partir dos preços futuros do contrato número 11 negociado na New York Board of Trade (NYBOT), referência para hedgers e especuladores devido a sua maior liquidez, e dos preços no mercado à vista, medidos pelo Centro de Estudos Avançados em Economia Aplicada (CEPEA) da Esalq, bem como da taxa de juros doméstica medida pela Selic, todas em bases diárias. A correspondência da amostra foi construída a partir dos vencimentos dos contratos e considerou dois períodos de previsão: 28 e 56 dias. Para o horizonte de previsão de 28 dias, não foi corroborada a hipótese favorável à existência de arbitragem nestes mercados, e tampouco de eficiência de longo prazo. Já para o horizonte de previsão de 56 dias, embora também não haja evidências favoráveis ao modelo de arbitragem, os resultados diferem significativamente dos anteriores quando e eficiência é testada apenas para a relação entre os preços, descartando-se a hipótese de arbitragem: há evidências favoráveis à eficiência de curto e de longo prazos. Neste caso, o procedimento de cointegração é capaz de distinguir entre eficiência e arbitragem nos mercados futuros de commodities.

Suggested Citation

  • Roseli da Silva & Rodrigo Takeuchi, 2008. "Uma análise empírica de eficiência relativa nos mercados futuro e à vista de açúcar," Working Papers 08_06, Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Economia, Administração e Contabilidade de Ribeirão Preto.
  • Handle: RePEc:fea:wpaper:08_06
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Mercados Futuros; Açúcar; Eficiência; Arbitragem; Cointegração;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G13 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing
    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading

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