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Evidence of adverse selection in automobile insurance markets

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  • G. Dionne
  • C. Gouriéroux
  • C. Vanasse

Abstract

In this paper, we propose an empirical analysis of the presence of adverse selection in an insurance market. We first present a theoretical model of a market with adverse selection and we introduce different issues related to transaction costs, accident costs, risk aversion and moral hazard. We then discuss an econometric modeling based on latent variables and we derive its relationship with specification tests that may be useful to isolate the presence of adverse selection in the portfolio of an insurer. We discuss in detail the relationship between our modeling and that of Puelz and Snow (1994). Finally, we present some empirical results derived from a different data set. We show that there is no residual adverse selection in the studied portfolio since appropriate risk classification is made by the insurer. Consequently, the insurer does not need a self-selection mechanism such as the deductible choice to reduce adverse selection.
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Suggested Citation

  • G. Dionne & C. Gouriéroux & C. Vanasse, 1998. "Evidence of adverse selection in automobile insurance markets," THEMA Working Papers 98-22, THEMA (THéorie Economique, Modélisation et Applications), Université de Cergy-Pontoise.
    • Handle: RePEc:ema:worpap:98-22
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Puelz, Robert & Snow, Arthur, 1994. "Evidence on Adverse Selection: Equilibrium Signaling and Cross-Subsidization in the Insurance Market," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 102(2), pages 236-257, April.
    2. Georges Dionne & Pierre Lasserre, 1985. "Adverse Selection, Repeated Insurance Contracts and Announcement Strategy," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 52(4), pages 719-723.
    3. Dionne, G & Vanasse, C, 1992. "Automobile Insurance Ratemaking in the Presence of Asymmetrical Information," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 7(2), pages 149-165, April-Jun.
    4. Michael Hoy, 1982. "Categorizing Risks in the Insurance Industry," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 97(2), pages 321-336.
    5. Dionne, Georges & Doherty, Neil A, 1994. "Adverse Selection, Commitment, and Renegotiation: Extension to and Evidence from Insurance Markets," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 102(2), pages 209-235, April.
    6. Crocker, Keith J. & Snow, Arthur, 1985. "The efficiency of competitive equilibria in insurance markets with asymmetric information," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 26(2), pages 207-219, March.
    7. Wilson, Charles, 1977. "A model of insurance markets with incomplete information," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 16(2), pages 167-207, December.
    8. Dahlby, B. G., 1983. "Adverse selection and statistical discrimination : An analysis of Canadian automobile insurance," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 20(1), pages 121-130, February.
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    Cited by:

    1. Shengkun Xie, 2021. "Improving Explainability of Major Risk Factors in Artificial Neural Networks for Auto Insurance Rate Regulation," Risks, MDPI, vol. 9(7), pages 1-21, July.
    2. Dionne, G. & Doherty, N., 1991. "Adverse Selection In Insurance Markets: A Selective Survey," Cahiers de recherche 9105, Centre interuniversitaire de recherche en économie quantitative, CIREQ.
    3. Maria del Carmen Melgar & Jose Antonio Ordaz, 2010. "The Utility Of Zero-Inflated Models In The Estimation Of The Number Of Accidents In The Automobile Insurance Industry," Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 5(2), pages 181-194, December.
    4. Makki, Shiva S. & Somwaru, Agapi, 2001. "Asymmetric Information in the Market for Yield and Revenue Insurance," Technical Bulletins 184331, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    5. Dionne, G. & Maurice, M. & Pinquet, J. & Vanasse, C., 2001. "The Role of Memory in Long-Term Contracting with Moral Hazard: Empirical Evidence in Automobile Insurance," Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales de Montreal- 01-05, Ecole des Hautes Etudes Commerciales de Montreal-Chaire de gestion des risques..
    6. Gourieroux, C. & Jasiak, J., 2004. "Heterogeneous INAR(1) model with application to car insurance," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(2), pages 177-192, April.
    7. Dionne, Georges, 1998. "La mesure empirique des problèmes d’information," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 74(4), pages 585-606, décembre.
    8. Makki, Shiva S. & Somwaru, Agapi, 2002. "Asymmetric Information In Cotton Insurance Markets: Evidence From Texas," 2002 Annual meeting, July 28-31, Long Beach, CA 19827, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
    9. Dionne, Georges & Vanasse, Charles, 1997. "Une évaluation empirique de la nouvelle tarification de l’assurance automobile (1992) au Québec," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 73(1), pages 47-80, mars-juin.
    10. Makki Shiva S. & Somwaru Agapi L., 2007. "Assessing Adverse Selection in Crop Insurance Markets: An Application of Parametric and Nonparametric Methods," Asia-Pacific Journal of Risk and Insurance, De Gruyter, vol. 2(1), pages 1-22, May.
    11. Jose Antonio Ordaz & Maria del Carmen Melgar & M. Kazim Khan, 2010. "Use and Extension of Count Data Models in the Determination of Relevant Factors for Claims in the Automobile Insurance Sector," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(4), pages 119-138.
    12. Dahchour, Maki & Dionne, Georges, 2002. "Pricing of Automobile Insurance Under Asymmetric Information: a Study on Panel Data," Working Papers 01-6, HEC Montreal, Canada Research Chair in Risk Management.
    13. Pierre-André Chiappori & Bernard Salanié, 2002. "Testing Contract Theory : A Survey of Some Recent Work," Working Papers 2002-11, Center for Research in Economics and Statistics.
    14. Donatella Porrini, 2015. "Risk Classification Efficiency and the Insurance Market Regulation," Risks, MDPI, vol. 3(4), pages 1-10, September.
    15. Jose Antonio Ordaz & Maria del Carmen Melgar & M. Kazim Khan, 2011. "An Analysis Of Spanish Accidents In Automobile Insurance: The Use Of The Probit Model And Theoretical Potential Of Other Econometric Tools," Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 6(3), pages 117-134, September.
    16. Dionne, Georges & Gouriéroux, Christian & Vanasse, Charles, 1998. "The informational content of household decisions with applications to insurance under asymmetric information," Working Papers 00-0, HEC Montreal, Canada Research Chair in Risk Management.
    17. Dionne, Georges & Fombaron, Nathalie & Doherty, Neil, 2012. "Adverse selection in insurance contracting," Working Papers 12-8, HEC Montreal, Canada Research Chair in Risk Management.
    18. Chiappori, Pierre-Andre & Durand, Franck & Geoffard, Pierre-Yves, 1998. "Moral hazard and the demand for physician services: First lessons from a French natural experiment," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 42(3-5), pages 499-511, May.

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    JEL classification:

    • D80 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - General

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