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Identity Cues: Evidence from and for Intra-Individual Perspectives on Stereotyping

Author

Listed:
  • Pittinsky, Todd L.

    (Harvard U)

  • Shih, Margaret

    (U of Michigan)

  • Trahan, Amy

    (U of Michigan)

Abstract

Stereotypes bias person perception, hampering advancement in organizations for targets-often women and members of ethnic minority groups. Traditional stereotyping research adopts an inter-group perspective: comparisons are made between the ways in which targets belonging to different social groups are stereotyped. We adopt an intra-individual perspective on stereotyping and examine how a single target, belonging to multiple social groups, is stereotyped differently based on identity cues common in organizations. Participants interacted with a partner, a research confederate, in a series of e-mail exchanges. The partner used one of three e-mail addresses that subtly cued either the partner's gender identity, the partner's ethnic identity, or neither identity. This subtle identity cue led participants to stereotype their partner in very different ways, biasing recall in directions consistent with the positive and negative stereotypes associated with the different identities cued. Applications of the findings to the problems which stereotypes create for individuals and organizations are discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Pittinsky, Todd L. & Shih, Margaret & Trahan, Amy, 2005. "Identity Cues: Evidence from and for Intra-Individual Perspectives on Stereotyping," Working Paper Series rwp05-010, Harvard University, John F. Kennedy School of Government.
  • Handle: RePEc:ecl:harjfk:rwp05-010
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Kray, Laura J. & Galinsky, Adam D. & Thompson, Leigh, 2002. "Reversing the Gender Gap in Negotiations: An Exploration of Stereotype Regeneration," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 87(2), pages 386-410, March.
    3. Marianne Bertrand & Sendhil Mullainathan, 2004. "Are Emily and Greg More Employable Than Lakisha and Jamal? A Field Experiment on Labor Market Discrimination," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 94(4), pages 991-1013, September.
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    1. Maiti, Surya Nath & Pakrashi, Debayan & Saha, Sarani & Smyth, Russell, 2022. "Don't judge a book by its cover: The role of intergroup contact in reducing prejudice in conflict settings," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 202(C), pages 533-548.
    2. Gu, Jun & Mueller, Annika & Nielsen, Ingrid & Shachat, Jason & Smyth, Russell, 2015. "Reducing prejudice through actual and imagined contact: A field experiment with Malawian shopkeepers and Chinese immigrants," Working Papers on East Asian Studies 105/2015, University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute of East Asian Studies IN-EAST.

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