IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/diw/diwrup/69de.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Die langfristigen Folgen von Mangel- und Unterernährung in Entwicklungsländern

Author

Listed:
  • Katharina Lehmann-Uschner

Abstract

Jahrzehntelang haben Unter- und Mangelernährung auf der globalen entwicklungspolitischen Agenda wenig Beachtung erfahren. Oft waren nur extreme Hungersnöte in den Schlagzeilen zu finden. Dies hat sich mit der Verabschiedung der Millennium Entwicklungsziele im Jahr 2000 geändert: Gleich das erste der acht Ziele sieht die Halbierung des Anteils der hungerleidenden Menschen in der Bevölkerung bis 2015 (verglichen mit 1990) vor. Vieles spricht dafür, dass dieses Ziel auch tatsächlich erreicht werden kann. Hunger und Mangelernährung damit wieder von der Agenda zu streichen wäre allerdings verfrüht: Immer noch leiden 795 Millionen Menschen an Hunger, weltweit ist ein Viertel der Kinder entwicklungsverzögert (Stunting wird oft als Maß für chronische Unterernährung genutzt). 45 Prozent der Todesfälle der unter fünfjährigen Kinder gehen auf Unterernährung zurück. Am stärksten davon betroffen sind die am wenigsten entwickelten Länder und Gesellschaftsschichten: 90 Prozent aller Hungernden leben in Asien und der Pazifikregion sowie dem Subsaharischen Afrika, ¾ davon sind ländliche und von der Landwirtschaft abhängige Haushalte. Mangel- und Unterernährung vor allem während der ersten drei Lebensjahre wirken sich auf die weitere mentale, motorische und Verhaltens-Entwicklung aus. Dies hat Folgen für Gesundheit und sozioökonomischen Status im Erwachsenenalter und somit auch für die gesamtgesellschaftliche Entwicklung. Eine Verbesserung der Ernährungssituation kann im Umkehrschluss aber auch mit relativ geringem Aufwand zu großen Entwicklungserfolgen führen. Renommierte Wissenschaftler plädieren darum dafür, dem Kampf gegen Mangel- und Unterernährung auch nach Erreichen der Millennium Entwicklungsziele weiterhin Priorität einzuräumen. Dabei rückt neben den herkömmlichen Aspekten von Unterernährung auch der sogenannte versteckte Hunger, also Mangel an Mikronährstoffen, in den Fokus. Dies geschieht nicht nur aufgrund seiner weitreichenden Folgen, sondern auch angesichts seiner weiten Verbreitung. Von Jodmangel sind laut 35% der Weltbevölkerung betroffen und von durch Eisenmangel hervorgerufene Anämie ein Viertel der unter Vierjährigen in Entwicklungsländern.

Suggested Citation

  • Katharina Lehmann-Uschner, 2015. "Die langfristigen Folgen von Mangel- und Unterernährung in Entwicklungsländern," DIW Roundup: Politik im Fokus 69, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwrup:69de
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.diw.de/documents/publikationen/73/diw_01.c.509236.de/DIW_Roundup_69_de.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. James P. Smith, 2009. "The Impact of Childhood Health on Adult Labor Market Outcomes," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 91(3), pages 478-489, August.
    2. Anne Case & Christina Paxson, 2008. "Stature and Status: Height, Ability, and Labor Market Outcomes," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 116(3), pages 499-532, June.
    3. Jha, Raghbendra & Gaiha, Raghav & Sharma, Anurag, 2009. "Calorie and Micronutrient Deprivation and Poverty Nutrition Traps in Rural India," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 37(5), pages 982-991, May.
    4. Neelsen, Sven & Stratmann, Thomas, 2011. "Effects of prenatal and early life malnutrition: Evidence from the Greek famine," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 30(3), pages 479-488, May.
    5. Harold Alderman & Jere R. Behrman & Victor Lavy & Rekha Menon, 2001. "Child Health and School Enrollment: A Longitudinal Analysis," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 36(1), pages 185-205.
    6. Glewwe, Paul & Jacoby, Hanan G. & King, Elizabeth M., 2001. "Early childhood nutrition and academic achievement: a longitudinal analysis," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 81(3), pages 345-368, September.
    7. Valeria Groppo, 2015. "Health Consequences of Childhood and Adolescence Shocks: Is There a "Critical Period"?," DIW Roundup: Politik im Fokus 65, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research.
    8. Behrman, Jere R, 1996. "The Impact of Health and Nutrition on Education," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 11(1), pages 23-37, February.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Harold Alderman & John Hoddinott & Bill Kinsey, 2006. "Long term consequences of early childhood malnutrition," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 58(3), pages 450-474, July.
    2. Belot, Michèle & James, Jonathan, 2011. "Healthy school meals and educational outcomes," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 30(3), pages 489-504, May.
    3. Fitzsimons, Emla & Malde, Bansi & Mesnard, Alice & Vera-Hernández, Marcos, 2016. "Nutrition, information and household behavior: Experimental evidence from Malawi," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 113-126.
    4. Saing, Chan Hang & Cannonier, Colin, 2017. "Arsenic Exposure and School Participation in Cambodia," GLO Discussion Paper Series 95, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    5. Maluccio, John A. & Hoddinott, John & Behrman, Jere R. & Martorell, Reynaldo & Quisumbing, Agnes R. & Stein, Aryeh D., 2006. "The impact of an experimental nutritional intervention in childhood on education among Guatemalan adults," FCND briefs 207, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    6. Piper, Brian, 2014. "A production function examination of the aggregate effects of nutrition," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 40(C), pages 293-307.
    7. Cally Ardington & Megan Little, 2016. "The Impact of Maternal Death on Children's Health and Education Outcomes," SALDRU Working Papers 184, Southern Africa Labour and Development Research Unit, University of Cape Town.
    8. Enkelejda Havari & Franco Peracchi, 2011. "Childhood circumstances and adult outcomes: Evidence from World War II," EIEF Working Papers Series 1115, Einaudi Institute for Economics and Finance (EIEF), revised Aug 2012.
    9. Yusuke Kamiya, 2009. "Economic analysis on the socioeconomic determinants of child malnutrition in Lao PDR," OSIPP Discussion Paper 09E007, Osaka School of International Public Policy, Osaka University.
    10. Behrman, Jere R. & Hoddinott, John, 2001. "An evaluation of the impact of PROGRESA on pre-school child height," FCND briefs 104, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    11. Sudhanshu Handa & Amber Peterman, 2016. "Is There Catch-Up Growth? Evidence from Three Continents," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 78(4), pages 470-500, August.
    12. Aramide Kazeem & John M. Musalia, 2018. "The Implication of Early Childhood Malnutrition for Age of Entry into Primary School in Nigeria," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 11(4), pages 1337-1368, August.
    13. Krause, Brooke Laura, 2012. "Childhood Malnutrition and Educational Attainment: An Analysis using Oxford’s Young Lives Longitudinal Study in Peru," Master's Theses and Plan B Papers 146072, University of Minnesota, Department of Applied Economics.
    14. Gaurav Dhamija, 2018. "The Joint Determination of Later Life Health and Educational Outcomes by Early Life Conditions: A Multinomial Logit Analysis," Review of Market Integration, India Development Foundation, vol. 10(3), pages 197-227, December.
    15. Duc, Le Thuc, 2011. "Height and Cognitive Achievement of Vietnamese Children," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 39(12), pages 2211-2220.
    16. Wisniewski, Suzanne L.W., 2010. "Child Nutrition, Health Problems, and School Achievement in Sri Lanka," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 38(3), pages 315-332, March.
    17. John A. Maluccio, & John Hoddinott & Jere R. Behrman & Reynaldo Martorell & Agnes R. Quisumbing & Aryeh D. Stein, 2003. "The Impact of Nutrition during Early Childhood on Education among Guatemalan Adults," PIER Working Paper Archive 06-026, Penn Institute for Economic Research, Department of Economics, University of Pennsylvania, revised 01 Aug 2006.
    18. Elisabetta Aurino & Francesco Burchi, 2017. "Children’s Multidimensional Health and Medium-Term Cognitive Skills in Low- and Middle-Income Countries," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 29(2), pages 289-311, April.
    19. Elisabetta De Cao, 2015. "The Height Production Function from Birth to Age Two," Journal of Human Capital, University of Chicago Press, vol. 9(3), pages 329-363.

    More about this item

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:diw:diwrup:69de. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Bibliothek (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/diwbede.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.