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Ecological Factors Associated to Social and Emotional Skill Development: Chronic exposure to violence in the context of the Colombian Civil Conflict

Author

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  • Arturo Harker
  • Andrés Molano
  • Juan-Camilo Cristancho

Abstract

Cognitive, social, and emotional development throughout life is contingent to affordances of the environments in which individuals develop. These abilities are the result of multiple interactions with our ecosystem and the people that surround us. Namely, chronic exposure to violence has been shown to tamper positive human development. These potential negative consequences are particularly challenging in Colombia, a country stricken by more than five decades of civil conflict. In this paper, we evaluate the extent in which chronic exposure to violence —measured at the municipality level— affects children and adolescent’s social and emotional development. Our findings indicate that exposure to violence —particularly homicides— has an important negative association with unique measures of: (i) empathy, (ii) subjective beliefs on the acceptability of the use of violence, and (iii) non-confrontational reactions when provoked, all measured in a national standardized test. Additionally, we observe that the schools in the most violent municipalities are precisely the ones that have less resources that moderate the association between skill development and violence. ***** El desarrollo cognitivo, social y emocional a lo largo de la vida es contingente a elementos del entorno en el cual los individuos se desarrollan. Así, estas habilidades son el resultado de múltiples interacciones con nuestro ecosistema y las personas que nos rodean. En particular, se ha demostrado cómo la exposición crónica a violencia dificulta el desarrollo positivo. Las consecuencias potenciales son especialmente importantes en Colombia, país que ha estado sumergido en más de cinco décadas de conflicto armado. En el presente artículo evaluamos cómo la exposición a violencia –a nivel municipal– afecta las habilidades sociales y emocionales de ninos y adolescentes. Identificamos que la exposición a violencia –especialmente los homicidios– tiene un efecto negativo sobre: (i) la empatía, (ii) la justificación sobre el uso de la violencia, y (iii) las respuestas pacíficas ante provocación, aspectos medidos en una prueba estandarizada nacional. Adicionalmente, observamos que las escuelas en los municipios más violentos son justamente las que cuentan menos con algunos recursos que moderan la relación entre violencia y el desarrollo de habilidades sociales y emocionales de los estudiantes.

Suggested Citation

  • Arturo Harker & Andrés Molano & Juan-Camilo Cristancho, 2017. "Ecological Factors Associated to Social and Emotional Skill Development: Chronic exposure to violence in the context of the Colombian Civil Conflict," Documentos de trabajo 17649, Escuela de Gobierno - Universidad de los Andes.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000547:017649
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    References listed on IDEAS

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