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Impacto Económico del Conocimiento Científico: El caso de La Genética Vegetal

Author

Listed:
  • Víctor Castro
  • Alberto Arizu
  • Marcos Gallacher

Abstract

La innovación constituye un importante factor de crecimiento económico. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo cuantificar el impacto económico de un tipoparticular de investigación científica: el mejoramiento genético aplicado a laproducción de semillas. En Argentina, trabajos anteriores realizados sobre eltema focalizan atención en los impactos de la investigación genética sobremedidas de productividad parcial (en particular, productividad de la tierra).Este trabajo, en cambio, utiliza el marco de función de producción paraestimar el impacto de mejoras genéticas sobre producción, controlado por eluso de otros insumos. El trabajo utiliza dos bases de datos: una integrada poruna sección cruzada de países (incluyendo Argentina), la otra compuesta sólopor datos de cultivos de Argentina (ambas basas corresponden a datos depanel). Los resultados muestran importantes retornos económicos asociadosa la investigación en genética vegetal. / Scientific innovation constitutes an important factor of economic growth. This paper estimates the economic impact of one scientific type of innovation: genetics applied to seed production. In Argentina, previous research on this topic has been focalized on the impact of genetic innovation on partial productivity measures - in particular land productivity. In contrast, this paper utilizes a production function framework to estimate the impact of genetic improvement, controlling for the use of other inputs. Two data bases with a panel structure are used: one integrated by a cross-section of countries (including Argentina), the other includes only data for Argentina for different kid of crops. Results show there is important economic returns associated with innovation in crop genetics.
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Suggested Citation

  • Víctor Castro & Alberto Arizu & Marcos Gallacher, 2003. "Impacto Económico del Conocimiento Científico: El caso de La Genética Vegetal," CEMA Working Papers: Serie Documentos de Trabajo. 246, Universidad del CEMA.
    • Handle: RePEc:cem:doctra:246
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ahearn, Mary Clare & Yee, Jet & Ball, V. Eldon & Nehring, Richard F., 1998. "Agricultural Productivity in the United States," Agricultural Information Bulletins 33687, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
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    Cited by:

    1. Marcos Gallacher & Daniel Lema, 2014. "Argentine Agricultural Policy: Producer and Consumer Support. Estimates 2007-2012," CEMA Working Papers: Serie Documentos de Trabajo. 554, Universidad del CEMA.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
    • Q16 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - R&D; Agricultural Technology; Biofuels; Agricultural Extension Services

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