IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/cdl/uctcwp/qt5257005q.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Managing City Evacuations

Author

Listed:
  • So, Stella Kin-Mang

Abstract

The city evacuation problem is analyzed physically at the freeway and network levels. On a freeway, a macroscopic approach is used to identify the critical bottlenecks that determine the system’s evacuation capacity. Knowledge of these bottlenecks leads to the development of an input control strategy that maximizes exit flows at all times, effectively minimizing total evacuation time. The optimality results are true for the complete system and for “population nests”. The strategy, called innermost first out (InFO), has many other benefits: it is decentralized, adaptive and robust. Additionally, since the strategy gives priority to upstream, most-at-risk residents, InFO is likely to be socially acceptable. Finally, relaxed versions of the strategy exist, giving flexibility to freeway evacuation management. At the network level, a tree-shaped topology allows for similar results to be obtained. Specifically, a tree-based innermost first out (T-InFO) strategy is developed, combining InFO with an intuitive routing scheme. It is shown that if a reasonable driver adaptive behavior can be assumed for the local access streets, then T-InFO maximizes exit flows and minimizes evacuation time for population nests and therefore the complete system. Similar to InFO, T-InFO has the following benefits when implemented in a tree-shaped network: decentralization, adaptiveness, robustness, and social optimality. Due to these reasons, the strategies proposed in this dissertation have the potential to greatly improve current traffic management practices in emergency evacuations.

Suggested Citation

  • So, Stella Kin-Mang, 2010. "Managing City Evacuations," University of California Transportation Center, Working Papers qt5257005q, University of California Transportation Center.
  • Handle: RePEc:cdl:uctcwp:qt5257005q
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.escholarship.org/uc/item/5257005q.pdf;origin=repeccitec
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Paul I. Richards, 1956. "Shock Waves on the Highway," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 4(1), pages 42-51, February.
    2. Lovell, David J. & Daganzo, Carlos F., 2000. "Access control on networks with unique origin-destination paths," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 185-202, April.
    3. Sherali, Hanif D. & Carter, Todd B. & Hobeika, Antoine G., 1991. "A location-allocation model and algorithm for evacuation planning under hurricane/flood conditions," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 25(6), pages 439-452, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Daganzo, Carlos F. & So, Stella K., 2011. "Managing evacuation networks," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 45(9), pages 1424-1432.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. So, Stella Kin-Mang, 2010. "Managing City Evacuations," University of California Transportation Center, Working Papers qt23w302h9, University of California Transportation Center.
    2. Chou, Chang-Chi & Chiang, Wen-Chu & Chen, Albert Y., 2022. "Emergency medical response in mass casualty incidents considering the traffic congestions in proximity on-site and hospital delays," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
    3. So, Stella K. & Daganzo, Carlos F., 2009. "Managing Evacuation Routes," Institute of Transportation Studies, Research Reports, Working Papers, Proceedings qt75d4j8fm, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley.
    4. Gomes, Gabriel C., 2004. "Optimization and Microsimulation of On-ramp Metering for Congested Freeways," Institute of Transportation Studies, Research Reports, Working Papers, Proceedings qt95k1q411, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley.
    5. So, Stella K. & Daganzo, Carlos F., 2010. "Managing evacuation routes," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 44(4), pages 514-520, May.
    6. Daganzo, Carlos F. & So, Stella K., 2011. "Managing evacuation networks," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 45(9), pages 1424-1432.
    7. Xiaozheng He & Srinivas Peeta, 2014. "Dynamic Resource Allocation Problem for Transportation Network Evacuation," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 14(3), pages 505-530, December.
    8. Soulaymane Kachani & Georgia Perakis, 2009. "A Dynamic Travel Time Model for Spillback," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 9(4), pages 595-618, December.
    9. Bai, Lu & Wong, S.C. & Xu, Pengpeng & Chow, Andy H.F. & Lam, William H.K., 2021. "Calibration of stochastic link-based fundamental diagram with explicit consideration of speed heterogeneity," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 524-539.
    10. McCrea, Jennifer & Moutari, Salissou, 2010. "A hybrid macroscopic-based model for traffic flow in road networks," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 207(2), pages 676-684, December.
    11. Firas Rifai, 2018. "Transfer of Knowhow and Experiences from Commercial Logistics into Humanitarian Logistics to Improve Rescue Missions in Disaster Areas," Journal of Management and Sustainability, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 8(3), pages 1-63, August.
    12. Xingmin Wang & Zachary Jerome & Zihao Wang & Chenhao Zhang & Shengyin Shen & Vivek Vijaya Kumar & Fan Bai & Paul Krajewski & Danielle Deneau & Ahmad Jawad & Rachel Jones & Gary Piotrowicz & Henry X. L, 2024. "Traffic light optimization with low penetration rate vehicle trajectory data," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-14, December.
    13. Huanping Li & Jian Wang & Guopeng Bai & Xiaowei Hu, 2021. "Exploring the Distribution of Traffic Flow for Shared Human and Autonomous Vehicle Roads," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(12), pages 1-21, June.
    14. Jin, W. L. & Zhang, H. M., 2003. "The formation and structure of vehicle clusters in the Payne-Whitham traffic flow model," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 207-223, March.
    15. Melissa Gama & Bruno Filipe Santos & Maria Paola Scaparra, 2016. "A multi-period shelter location-allocation model with evacuation orders for flood disasters," EURO Journal on Computational Optimization, Springer;EURO - The Association of European Operational Research Societies, vol. 4(3), pages 299-323, September.
    16. Herrera, Juan C. & Bayen, Alexandre M., 2010. "Incorporation of Lagrangian measurements in freeway traffic state estimation," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 44(4), pages 460-481, May.
    17. Saif Eddin Jabari & Laura Wynter, 2016. "Sensor placement with time-to-detection guarantees," EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics, Springer;EURO - The Association of European Operational Research Societies, vol. 5(4), pages 415-433, December.
    18. García-Chan, N. & Alvarez-Vázquez, L.J. & Martínez, A. & Vázquez-Méndez, M.E., 2021. "Designing an ecologically optimized road corridor surrounding restricted urban areas: A mathematical methodology," Mathematics and Computers in Simulation (MATCOM), Elsevier, vol. 190(C), pages 745-759.
    19. Mohan, Ranju & Ramadurai, Gitakrishnan, 2021. "Multi-class traffic flow model based on three dimensional flow–concentration surface," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 577(C).
    20. Coifman, Benjamin & Ponnu, Balaji, 2020. "Adjacent lane dependencies modulating wave velocity on congested freeways-An empirical study," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 142(C), pages 84-99.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:cdl:uctcwp:qt5257005q. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Lisa Schiff (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/itucbus.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.