IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/bis/biswps/970.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Big techs in finance: on the new nexus between data privacy and competition

Author

Listed:
  • Frederic Boissay
  • Torsten Ehlers
  • Leonardo Gambacorta
  • Hyun Song Shin

Abstract

The business model of big techs rests on enabling direct interactions among a large number of users on digital platforms, such as in e-commerce, search and social media. An essential by-product is their large stock of user data, which they use to offer a wide range of services and exploit natural network effects, generating further user activity. Increased user activity completes the circle, as it generates yet more data. Building on the self-reinforcing nature of the data- network-activities loop, some big techs have ventured into financial services, including payments, money management, insurance and lending. The entry of big techs into finance promises efficiency gains and greater financial inclusion. At the same time, it introduces new risks associated with market power and data privacy. The nature of the new trade-off between efficiency and privacy will depend on societal preferences, and will vary across jurisdictions. This increases the need to coordinate policies both at the domestic and international level.

Suggested Citation

  • Frederic Boissay & Torsten Ehlers & Leonardo Gambacorta & Hyun Song Shin, 2021. "Big techs in finance: on the new nexus between data privacy and competition," BIS Working Papers 970, Bank for International Settlements.
    • Handle: RePEc:bis:biswps:970
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.bis.org/publ/work970.pdf
    File Function: Full PDF document
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.bis.org/publ/work970.htm
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mr. Yan Carriere-Swallow & Mr. V. Haksar, 2019. "The Economics and Implications of Data: An Integrated Perspective," IMF Departmental Papers / Policy Papers 2019/013, International Monetary Fund.
    2. R. H. Coase, 2013. "The Problem of Social Cost," Journal of Law and Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 56(4), pages 837-877.
    3. Alessandro Acquisti & Curtis Taylor & Liad Wagman, 2016. "The Economics of Privacy," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 54(2), pages 442-492, June.
    4. Chen, S. & Doerr, S. & Frost, J. & Gambacorta, L. & Shin, H.S., 2023. "The fintech gender gap," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    5. Aaronson, Susan Ariel, 2019. "What Are We Talking about When We Talk about Digital Protectionism?," World Trade Review, Cambridge University Press, vol. 18(4), pages 541-577, October.
    6. Andrew D Mitchell & Neha Mishra, 2019. "Regulating Cross-Border Data Flows in a Data-Driven World: How WTO Law Can Contribute," Journal of International Economic Law, Oxford University Press, vol. 22(3), pages 389-416.
    7. Gambacorta, Leonardo & Huang, Yiping & Qiu, Han & Wang, Jingyi, 2024. "How do machine learning and non-traditional data affect credit scoring? New evidence from a Chinese fintech firm," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 73(C).
    8. Jentzsch, Nicola, 2016. "State-of-the-Art of the Economics of Cyber-Security and Privacy," EconStor Research Reports 126223, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.
    9. Danny Miller & Peter H. Friesen, 1984. "A Longitudinal Study of the Corporate Life Cycle," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 30(10), pages 1161-1183, October.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Brei, Michael & Ferri, Giovanni & Gambacorta, Leonardo, 2023. "Financial structure and income inequality," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    2. Cárdenas, Miguel & Madeira, Carlos & Morales-Resendiz, Raúl & Musa, Miguel & Sanclemente, Mario & Sanz-Bunster, Leon, 2024. "Tiered access in RTGS systems: A DLT-based approach," Latin American Journal of Central Banking (previously Monetaria), Elsevier, vol. 5(1).
    3. Yanfei Dong & Jiayin Hu & Yiping Huang & Han Qiu & Yingguang Zhang, 2025. "The use and disuse of FinTech credit: When buy-now-pay-later meets credit reporting," BIS Working Papers 1239, Bank for International Settlements.
    4. Kraemer-Eis, Helmut & Botsari, Antonia & Gvetadze, Salome & Lang, Frank & Torfs, Wouter, 2021. "European Small Business Finance Outlook 2021," EIF Working Paper Series 2021/75, European Investment Fund (EIF).
    5. Kraemer-Eis, Helmut & Botsari, Antonia & Gvetadze, Salome & Lang, Frank & Torfs, Wouter, 2022. "European Small Business Finance Outlook 2022," EIF Working Paper Series 2022/84, European Investment Fund (EIF).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Oliver Falck & Johannes Koenen, 2020. "Resource “Data”: Economic Benefits of Data Provision," CESifo Forum, ifo Institute - Leibniz Institute for Economic Research at the University of Munich, vol. 21(03), pages 31-41, September.
    2. Benedict G. C. Dellaert, 2019. "The consumer production journey: marketing to consumers as co-producers in the sharing economy," Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, Springer, vol. 47(2), pages 238-254, March.
    3. Amalia R. Miller, 2023. "Privacy of Digital Health Information," NBER Chapters, in: The Economics of Privacy, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. Hans Brits & Nicole Jonker, 2023. "The Use of Financial Apps: Privacy Paradox or Privacy Calculus?," Working Papers 794, DNB.
    5. Dengler, Sebastian & Prüfer, Jens, 2021. "Consumers' privacy choices in the era of big data," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 499-520.
    6. Doerr, Sebastian & Frost, Jon & Gambacorta, Leonardo & Shreeti, Vatsala, 2023. "Big techs in finance," CEPR Discussion Papers 18665, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    7. Wang, Huizong & Hao, Yulong & Fu, Qiang, 2024. "Data factor agglomeration and urban green finance: A quasi-natural experiment based on the National Big Data Comprehensive Pilot Zone," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 96(PB).
    8. Daniel Krähmer & Roland Strausz, 2023. "Optimal Nonlinear Pricing with Data-Sensitive Consumers," American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 15(2), pages 80-108, May.
    9. Didier Laussel & Ngo Van Long & Joana Resende, 2023. "Profit Effects of Consumers’ Identity Management: A Dynamic Model," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 69(6), pages 3602-3615, June.
    10. Ebers, Axel & Thomsen, Stephan L., 2021. "How do warnings affect retail demand for Bitcoin? Evidence from an international survey experiment," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(C).
    11. Oghazi, Pejvak & Schultheiss, Rakel & Chirumalla, Koteshwar & Kalmer, Nicolas Philipp & Rad, Fakhreddin F., 2020. "User self-disclosure on social network sites: A cross-cultural study on Facebook’s privacy concepts," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 531-540.
    12. Jens Prüfer & Patricia Prüfer, 2020. "Data science for entrepreneurship research: studying demand dynamics for entrepreneurial skills in the Netherlands," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 55(3), pages 651-672, October.
    13. Tobias Berg & Andreas Fuster & Manju Puri, 2022. "FinTech Lending," Annual Review of Financial Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 14(1), pages 187-207, November.
    14. Olivier Armantier & Sebastian Doerr & Jon Frost & Andreas Fuster & Kelly Shue, 2024. "Nothing to hide? Gender and age differences in willingness to share data," Swiss Finance Institute Research Paper Series 24-99, Swiss Finance Institute.
    15. Rehse, Dominik & Tremöhlen, Felix, 2020. "Fostering participation in digital public health interventions: The case of digital contact tracing," ZEW Discussion Papers 20-076, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    16. Paul Belleflamme & Wing Man Wynne Lam & Wouter Vergote, 2019. "Competitive Imperfect Price Discrimination and Market Power," CESifo Working Paper Series 7964, CESifo.
    17. Florian Morath & Johannes Münster, 2018. "Online Shopping and Platform Design with Ex Ante Registration Requirements," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 64(1), pages 360-380, January.
    18. George, Gerard & Schillebeeckx, Simon J.D., 2022. "Digital transformation, sustainability, and purpose in the multinational enterprise," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 57(3).
    19. Anna D’Annunzio & Antonio Russo, 2020. "Ad Networks and Consumer Tracking," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 66(11), pages 5040-5058, November.
    20. Gambacorta, Leonardo & Khalil, Fahad & Parigi, Bruno, 2022. "Big Techs vs Banks," CEPR Discussion Papers 17649, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    digital platforms; big techs; finance; data privacy; competition;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E51 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers
    • G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors
    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bis:biswps:970. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Martin Fessler (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/bisssch.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.