IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/bdr/region/285.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Red de comercio departamental en Colombia: Enfoque gravitacional y análisis topológico de redes

Author

Listed:
  • Diana María Cortázar-Gómez

    (Banco de la República de Colombia)

  • Juan F. Pineda-Guarín

Abstract

En este documento se estudian los flujos de comercio intra e inter departamental en Colombia para el periodo 2015-2018. Utilizando los datos del volumen de carga transportada por vía terrestre, se efectúa un análisis topológico de redes que permite construir, analizar y visualizar la estructura de la Red de Comercio Departamental en Colombia (RCD). Se aprecia una RCD con una estructura centro-periferia, concentrada en seis departamentos, que además, ejercen una fuerte relación entre ellos. Se destaca Buenaventura como el segundo nodo que envía más carga hacia las otras zonas del país, después de Cundinamarca, pero con una balanza deficitaria en cantidades. Por su parte, Bogotá se ubica como el mayor receptor de carga transportada por vía terrestre interdepartamentalmente. En cuanto a las conexiones autodirigidas, Antioquia y Valle del Cauca (sin Buenaventura) presentan un grado elevado de comercio intradepartamental. En términos de conectividad, se visualiza una red con alta integración en cuanto a las conexiones existentes entre los departamentos, pero un bajo grado en cuanto a la fuerza de dichas relaciones, la cual depende del volumen de carga comerciado. Por otro lado, los modelos gravitacionales estimados sugieren que el flujo de comercio depende positivamente del Producto Interno Bruto de origen y destino, los departamentos que colindan entre sí, los puertos marítimos y las zonas francas, pero negativamente de la distancia. **** ABSTRACT: This document studies intra and inter-departmental trade flows in Colombia for the period 2015-2018. Network analysis is carried out to build, visualize and study the structure of the system. Finding to explain the determinants of the structure presented by the Departamental Trade Network (DTN), the hypothesis of the gravity model is contrasted. In general, the results show that the DTN is dense, and on average the departments are well integrated in the extensive margin of trade. However, when observing the intensive margin, the level of integration is low and trade is concentrated in few departments. The DTN presents a center-periphery structure, where the hierarchy is led by 6 nodes. Buenaventura stands out as a maritime port with a trade deficit in quantities, related to the absence of strengthened export baskets in the departments. Bogotá also stands out as the main transport node receiving merchandise. The gravity model suggest that the trade flows depends positively on the Gross Domestic Product of origin and destination, the departments that border each other, the maritime ports, the free zones, and also negatively on the distance..

Suggested Citation

  • Diana María Cortázar-Gómez & Juan F. Pineda-Guarín, 2019. "Red de comercio departamental en Colombia: Enfoque gravitacional y análisis topológico de redes," Documentos de trabajo sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 285, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdr:region:285
    DOI: https://doi.org/10.32468/dtseru.285
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.32468/dtseru.285
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/https://doi.org/10.32468/dtseru.285?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nina Ranilović, 2017. "The Effects of Economic Integration on Croatian Merchandise Trade: A Gravity Model Study," Working Papers 50, The Croatian National Bank, Croatia.
    2. Sebastián Villarreal Romero & Darío A. Ortiz Navarro, 2016. "Transporte y mercado interno en Colombia: una contribución a un debate hasta ahora desconocido, 1928-1950," Tiempo y Economía, Universidad de Bogotá Jorge Tadeo Lozano, vol. 3(1), pages 83-107, April.
    3. James E. Anderson & Eric van Wincoop, 2003. "Gravity with Gravitas: A Solution to the Border Puzzle," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 93(1), pages 170-192, March.
    4. Martijn Burger & Frank van Oort & Gert-Jan Linders, 2009. "On the Specification of the Gravity Model of Trade: Zeros, Excess Zeros and Zero-inflated Estimation," Spatial Economic Analysis, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 4(2), pages 167-190.
    5. Gerson Javier Pérez V., 2005. "La infraestructura del transporte vial y la movilización de carga en Colombia," Documentos de trabajo sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 64, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    6. Inmaculada Mart󹑺-Zarzoso, 2013. "The log of gravity revisited," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(3), pages 311-327, January.
    7. Claudio E. Montenegro & Mariana Pereira & Isidro Soloaga, 2011. "El efecto de China en el comercio internacional de América Latina," Estudios de Economia, University of Chile, Department of Economics, vol. 38(2 Year 20), pages 341-368, December.
    8. Santos Silva, J.M.C. & Tenreyro, Silvana, 2011. "Further simulation evidence on the performance of the Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood estimator," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 112(2), pages 220-222, August.
    9. Luca De Benedictis & Lucia Tajoli, 2011. "The World Trade Network," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 34(8), pages 1417-1454, August.
    10. Patrick Minford & Yongdeng Xu, 2018. "Classical or Gravity? Which Trade Model Best Matches the UK Facts?," Open Economies Review, Springer, vol. 29(3), pages 579-611, July.
    11. Marco Dueñas & Giorgio Fagiolo, 2013. "Modeling the International-Trade Network: a gravity approach," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 8(1), pages 155-178, April.
    12. J. M. C. Santos Silva & Silvana Tenreyro, 2006. "The Log of Gravity," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 88(4), pages 641-658, November.
    13. Shang-Jin Wei, 1996. "Intra-National versus International Trade: How Stubborn are Nations in Global Integration?," NBER Working Papers 5531, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    14. Narayan, Seema & Nguyen, Tri Tung, 2016. "Does the trade gravity model depend on trading partners? Some evidence from Vietnam and her 54 trading partners," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 220-237.
    15. Robert Lundmark, 2018. "Analysis and projection of global iron ore trade: a panel data gravity model approach," Mineral Economics, Springer;Raw Materials Group (RMG);Luleå University of Technology, vol. 31(1), pages 191-202, May.
    16. Nina Ranilović, 2017. "The Effects of Economic Integration on Croatian Merchandise Trade: A Gravity Model Study," Comparative Economic Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Association for Comparative Economic Studies, vol. 59(3), pages 382-404, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Jhorland Ayala-Garcia & Sandy Dall'Erba & William C. Ridley, 2021. "Externalities of extreme natural disasters on local tax capacity," Documentos de trabajo sobre Economía Regional y Urbana 299, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Maria Cipollina & Luca De Benedictis & Luca Salvatici & Claudio Vicarelli, 2016. "Policy Measurement And Multilateral Resistance In Gravity Models," Working Papers LuissLab 16130, Dipartimento di Economia e Finanza, LUISS Guido Carli.
    2. Kareem, Fatima Olanike & Martinez-Zarzoso, Inmaculada & Brümmer, Bernhard, 2016. "Fitting the Gravity Model when Zero Trade Flows are Frequent: a Comparison of Estimation Techniques using Africa's Trade Data," GlobalFood Discussion Papers 230588, Georg-August-Universitaet Goettingen, GlobalFood, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Development.
    3. Sylvanus Kwaku Afesorgbor, 2013. "Revisiting the Effectiveness of African Economic Integration. A Meta-Analytic Review and Comparative Estimation Methods," Economics Working Papers 2013-13, Department of Economics and Business Economics, Aarhus University.
    4. Mariam Camarero & Laura Montolio & Cecilio Tamarit, 2022. "Explaining German outward FDI in the EU: a reassessment using Bayesian model averaging and GLM estimators," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 62(2), pages 487-511, February.
    5. Scott L. Baier & Amanda Kerr & Yoto V. Yotov, 2018. "Gravity, distance, and international trade," Chapters, in: Bruce A. Blonigen & Wesley W. Wilson (ed.), Handbook of International Trade and Transportation, chapter 2, pages 15-78, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    6. Aiello, Francesco & Demaria, Federica, 2009. "Do trade preferential agreements enhance the exports of developing countries? Evidence from the EU GSP," MPRA Paper 20093, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Pascal L. Ghazalian, 2012. "Home Bias in Primary Agricultural and Processed Food Trade: Assessing the Effects of National Degree of Uncertainty Aversion," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 63(2), pages 265-290, June.
    8. Mogilat, A. & Salnikov, V., 2015. "Trade Effects Estimation for the Case of Eurasian Economic Space Countries: Application of Regional Gravity Model," Journal of the New Economic Association, New Economic Association, vol. 27(3), pages 80-108.
    9. Bo Xiong & John Beghin, 2017. "Disentangling Demand-Enhancing And Trade-Cost Effects Of Maximum Residue Regulations," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: John Christopher Beghin (ed.), Nontariff Measures and International Trade, chapter 6, pages 105-108, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    10. Marco Dueñas & Giorgio Fagiolo, 2013. "Modeling the International-Trade Network: a gravity approach," Journal of Economic Interaction and Coordination, Springer;Society for Economic Science with Heterogeneous Interacting Agents, vol. 8(1), pages 155-178, April.
    11. Head, Keith & Mayer, Thierry, 2014. "Gravity Equations: Workhorse,Toolkit, and Cookbook," Handbook of International Economics, in: Gopinath, G. & Helpman, . & Rogoff, K. (ed.), Handbook of International Economics, edition 1, volume 4, chapter 0, pages 131-195, Elsevier.
    12. Maria Cipollina & David Laborde Debucquet & Luca Salvatici, 2017. "The tide that does not raise all boats: an assessment of EU preferential trade policies," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 153(1), pages 199-231, February.
    13. Ferro, Esteban & Otsuki, Tsunehiro & Wilson, John S., 2015. "The effect of product standards on agricultural exports," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 68-79.
    14. de Faria, Rosane Nunes & Wieck, Christine, 2015. "Empirical evidence on the trade impact of asynchronous regulatory approval of new GMO events," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 22-32.
    15. Dela-Dem Doe Fiankor & Insa Flachsbarth & Amjad Masood & Bernhard Brümmer, 2020. "Does GlobalGAP certification promote agrifood exports? [Standards as barriers versus standards as catalysts: assessing the impact of HACCP implementation on US seafood imports]," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 47(1), pages 247-272.
    16. Rodolfo Metulini & Roberto Patuelli & Daniel A. Griffith, 2018. "A Spatial-Filtering Zero-Inflated Approach to the Estimation of the Gravity Model of Trade," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 6(1), pages 1-15, February.
    17. Mario Larch & Jeff Luckstead & Yoto V. Yotov, 2024. "Economic sanctions and agricultural trade," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 106(4), pages 1477-1517, August.
    18. Guillaume Daudin & Elizaveta Archanskaia, 2012. "Heterogeneity and distance puzzle," Working Papers hal-01073683, HAL.
    19. William Martin & Cong S. Pham, 2020. "Estimating the gravity model when zero trade flows are frequent and economically determined," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(26), pages 2766-2779, May.
    20. Marco Dueñas & Giorgio Fagiolo, 2014. "Global Trade Imbalances: A Network Approach," Advances in Complex Systems (ACS), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 17(03n04), pages 1-29.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Colombia; comercio interno; transporte terrestre de carga; topología de redes; modelo gravitacional; Colombia; intra-national trade; freight transport; network analysis; gravity model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R1 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics
    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • D85 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Network Formation
    • C5 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bdr:region:285. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Clorith Angélica Bahos Olivera (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/brcgvco.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.