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Elasticidad del ingreso corporativo gravable en Colombia

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Abstract

En este documento se estima la elasticidad de la utilidad de las empresas con respecto a la tasa efectiva marginal de tributación neta, en un contexto de frecuentes reformas tributarias. Esta medición es relevante, dado el amplio margen de maniobra que tienen las firmas para responder ante cambios en los impuestos, y por la importancia del impuesto de renta corporativo sobre la actividad económica y el balance fiscal. El análisis se realiza para las reformas tributarias implementadas en Colombia, durante el periodo 2008-2014, utilizando Mínimos Cuadrados en dos etapas y la Regresión por Cuantiles Edógena con Datos Panel. Los cálculos de las tasas efectivas marginales de tributación muestran que la carga tributaria que recae sobre las empresas es inferior a la tasa estatutaria definida por la ley, debido a las deducciones establecidas en el estatuto tributario. Por su parte, los resultados de las elasticidades señalan que las respuestas de las firmas dependen de la reforma evaluada y de las características de las empresas. **** In this paper, we estimate the elasticity of profits before taxes with respect to the net-off marginal effective tax rate in a context of frequent tax reforms. This measurement is relevant, given the wide margin of maneuver that firms have to respond to changes in taxes, and the importance of corporate income taxes on economic activity and the fiscal balance. The analysis is carried out for the tax reforms implemented in Colombia, during the period 2008-2014, using Least Squares in two stages and Endogenous Quantile Regression for Panel Data. The marginal effective tax rates used in the estimations shows that the corporate tax burden of firms is lower than the statutory tax rate defined by law, due to tax deductions and tax exemptions established by Law. In turn, the results of the elasticities show that the firms' responses depend on the specific tax reform and on the companies' characteristics.

Suggested Citation

  • Ligia Alba Melo-Becerra & Héctor Zárate-Solano & Andrés Camilo Gómez-Molina, 2018. "Elasticidad del ingreso corporativo gravable en Colombia," Borradores de Economia 1046, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdr:borrec:1046
    DOI: 10.32468/be.1046
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    Cited by:

    1. Camilo Gómez, 2019. "How Responsive are Firms to the Corporate Wealth Tax?," Documentos CEDE 17433, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Impuestos corporativos; elasticidad del ingreso gravable; Colombia; regresión por cuantiles con datos panel; Corporate tax; elasticity of taxable income; Colombia; quantile regression with panel data;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H21 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
    • H25 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Business Taxes and Subsidies
    • H32 - Public Economics - - Fiscal Policies and Behavior of Economic Agents - - - Firm
    • C20 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - General
    • C26 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Instrumental Variables (IV) Estimation

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