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Taxation and Investment in Colombia

Author

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  • Sarah Perret

    (OECD)

  • Bert Brys

Abstract

The Colombian corporate tax system is highly complex and distortive. The effective tax burden on businesses is very high due to the combined effect of the corporate income tax, the corporate surtax introduced in 2012 (CREE), the net wealth tax on business assets and the value added tax (VAT) on fixed assets. Indeed, in addition to high statutory taxes on corporate income, formal sector businesses are subject to a wealth tax on their net assets and to a production-based VAT system under which VAT paid on the purchases of fixed assets is not creditable against output VAT. Calculations in this paper find that the total marginal effective tax rate reaches about 60% for equity-financed investments. Such a high effective corporate tax burden is likely to deter investment and to further encourage tax evasion in the future and therefore calls for a fundamental business tax reform. This paper also reviews the other key elements of the capital income tax system in Colombia. This Working Paper relates to the 2014 OECD Economic Survey of Colombia (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/economic-survey-colombia.htm) Fiscalité et investissement en Colombie Le système d'imposition des sociétés en Colombie est très complexe et génère d’importantes distorsions. La charge fiscale effective sur les entreprises est très élevée en raison de l'effet combiné de l’impôt sur les sociétés, de la surtaxe sur les sociétés introduite en 2012 (CREE), de l'impôt sur les actifs nets des entreprises et de la taxe sur la valeur ajoutée (TVA) afférente aux immobilisations. En effet, en plus d’impôts élevés sur les sociétés, les entreprises du secteur formel sont soumises à un impôt sur leurs actifs nets et à un système de TVA selon lequel la TVA payée sur les actifs immobilisés n’est pas déductible. Les calculs dans cet article montrent que le taux marginal d’imposition effectif atteint au total environ 60 % pour les investissements financés par fonds propres. Une telle charge fiscale effective sur les entreprises est de nature à dissuader l'investissement et à encourager davantage l'évasion fiscale à l’avenir et nécessite donc une réforme structurelle de la fiscalité des entreprises. Cet article examine aussi les autres éléments clés de la taxation des revenus du capital en Colombie. Ce document de travail se rapporte à l’Étude économique 2014 de l’OCDE sur la Colombie (www.oecd.org/fr/eco/etudes/etude-economique-colombie.htm).

Suggested Citation

  • Sarah Perret & Bert Brys, 2015. "Taxation and Investment in Colombia," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1204, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1204-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5js1pz3d0j8r-en
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    Cited by:

    1. Ligia Alba Melo-Becerra & Javier Ávila Mahecha & Jorge Enrique Ramos-Forero, 2017. "The effect of corporate taxes on investment: Evidence from the Colombian firms," Borradores de Economia 1001, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    2. Ana María Iregui-Bohórquez & Ligia Alba Melo-Becerra & Antonio José Orozco-Gallo, 2020. "Corporate taxes and firms' performance: A meta-frontier approach," Borradores de Economia 1116, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    3. A. M. Iregui-Bohórquez & L. A. Melo-Becerra & A. J. Orozco-Gallo, 2022. "Corporate Taxes and Firms Performance: Evidence from an Emerging Economy," Revista de Economía del Rosario, Universidad del Rosario, vol. 25(1), June.
    4. Ligia Alba Melo-Becerra & Héctor Zárate-Solano & Andrés Camilo Gómez-Molina, 2018. "Elasticidad del ingreso corporativo gravable en Colombia," Borradores de Economia 1046, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Colombia; Colombie; fiscalité; investissement; investment; taxation;
    All these keywords.

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