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Source of Livelihood and Inter-Temporal Mobility Evidence from Western odisha Villages

Author

Listed:
  • Arup Mitra
  • Basanta K Pradhan

    (Institute of Economic Growth, Delhi)

Abstract

Occupational structure reveals stagnancy many of the activities pursued are of residual type, and many individuals are non-workers. Also there is limited information on occupational mobility. However, it is observed that even in a stagnant region with limited opportunities income mobilityis occurring,toa limitedextentthough.Agrariancontractforces households to look forbetteravenues. With improvementin educational levels individuals are shiftingto services and other non-agricultural activities. Livelihood diversification is seen as a risk management strategyof the ruralpoor. Paucity of earnings compels many to access multiple sources of livelihood at a time. Such a phenomenon, however, implies a greaterintensity of work to be pursued to earn the same subsistence level of income.

Suggested Citation

  • Arup Mitra & Basanta K Pradhan, 2016. "Source of Livelihood and Inter-Temporal Mobility Evidence from Western odisha Villages," IEG Working Papers 364, Institute of Economic Growth.
    • Handle: RePEc:awe:wpaper:364
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    occupational choice; upwardmobility; income; multiplesources oflivelihood;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J62 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Job, Occupational and Intergenerational Mobility; Promotion
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • Q12 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Micro Analysis of Farm Firms, Farm Households, and Farm Input Markets

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