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Régionalisme en Afrique : coûts de transport soft and hard

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  • Mathilde MAUREL

Abstract

La montée du régionalisme africain s’est effectuée dans un contexte global de recul du multilatéralisme et de changement de stratégie des grands acteurs comme les Etats-Unis. Malgré l’abondance des institutions régionales, le commerce régional ne représente que douze pourcent du commerce total de l’Afrique, qui lui-même s’établit à moins de cinq pourcent du commerce mondial. Les facteurs qui expliquent cette situation sont connus. L’Afrique est un continent essentiellement agricole. Les échanges des pays africains offrent peu de complémentarités et reflètent la faible taille du marché africain. Enfin et surtout, les infrastructures telles que mesurées par le LPI et l’environnement institutionnel perçu par les firmes et reporté dans le Doing Business sont défavorables quand on les compare à des régions similaires. Cette note propose une revue de l’art et met en avant les coûts de transport soft et hard qui sont décisifs dans l’émergence de chaînes de valeurs intégrées au niveau régional et global.

Suggested Citation

  • Mathilde MAUREL, 2018. "Régionalisme en Afrique : coûts de transport soft and hard," Working Paper a6f76318-cb2e-44b5-8463-f, Agence française de développement.
    • Handle: RePEc:avg:wpaper:fr8644
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Keywords

    Afrique;

    JEL classification:

    • Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics

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