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Mesures et déterminants de l’inadéquation compétences-emploi en Côte d’Ivoire

Author

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  • Kouadio Clément KOUAKOU
  • Andoh Régis Vianney YAPO

Abstract

L’inadéquation des compétences est un facteur qui freine la rentabilité externe du système éducatif. A travers deux approches d’analyse reposant d’une part sur l’indice de mismatch et d’autre part sur la méthode d’auto-évaluation des travailleurs, l’inadéquation compétence-emploi apparaît forte, en nette progression sur l’ensemble du territoire ivoirien entre 2012 et 2016, et reliée au caractéristiques socio-économiques des jeunes. Avec un taux d’inadéquation de 75,87 %, les formes les plus marquées sont la sur-éducation (61,38%) et la sous-compétence (59,19%) qui affecte particulièrement les diplômés de BTS, de Licence et de Maîtrise, et les individus en emplois sans contrat physique. Seule, la formation technique et professionnelle apparaît comme un rempart pour contrer l’inadéquation. Pour limiter les effets sociaux de ce phénomène, les services d’orientation professionnelle comme le « Labour Market Information » doivent être activés. Une politique de formation par objectif tenant compte des besoins du système productif est tout aussi nécessaire dans une dynamique de transformation structurelle de l’économie ivoirienne, gage indispensable pour la création d’emplois de qualité.Skills mismatch is a factor that hinders the external profitability of the education system. Two approaches based (i) on the mismatch index and (ii) on the worker self-assessment method, show a strong skills-employment mismatch in Ivory Coast, as well as a strong increase in the country between 2012 and 2016. This phenomenon is also related to the socio-economic characteristics of young people. With a mismatch rate of 75.87%, the most marked forms of skills mismatch are over-education (61.38%) and sub-competence (59.19%), which particularly affects graduates of BTS, Bachelor's and Master's degree, and individuals in jobs without a physical contract. Only technical and vocational training appears as a bulwark to counter the mismatch. To limit the social effects of this phenomenon, career guidance services such as Labor Market Information must be activated. A policy of training by objective taking into account the needs of the productive system is just as necessary in a dynamic of structural transformation of the Ivorian economy, which is essential for the creation of quality jobs.

Suggested Citation

  • Kouadio Clément KOUAKOU & Andoh Régis Vianney YAPO, 2019. "Mesures et déterminants de l’inadéquation compétences-emploi en Côte d’Ivoire," Working Paper 95840cf0-b39b-45ab-9108-d, Agence française de développement.
    • Handle: RePEc:avg:wpaper:fr10483
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    Keywords

    Côte d'Ivoire;

    JEL classification:

    • Q - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics

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