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Impactos Dos Fundos Setoriais Nasempresas

Author

Listed:
  • LUIZ RICARDO CAVALCANTE

    (IPEA)

  • BRUNO CÉSAR ARAÚJO

    (IPEA)

  • DONALD PIANTO

    (UNB)

  • FERNANDA DE NEGRI

    (IPEA)

  • PATRICK ALVES

    (IPEA)

Abstract

Os fundos setoriais foram instituídos no final da década de 1990 com o propósito de criar condições mais estáveis de financiamento público às atividades de ciência, tecnologia e inovação (CT&I) no Brasil. De maneira análoga ao que se observa com outros instrumentos de incentivo à inovação nas empresas, a expectativa é que o acesso aos fundos setoriais contribuiria para o aumento dos esforços tecnológicos e para o alcance de melhores resultados pelas empresas. O objetivo deste trabalho é, portanto, avaliar o impacto desses fundos sobre o esforço tecnológico e sobre os resultados das empresas industriais no Brasil no período entre 2001 e 2006. A base teórica para a discussão é a literatura internacional que tem, recorrentemente, questionado o efeito crowding in ou crowding out de políticas de apoio à inovação nas empresas. Esses trabalhos buscam verificar se as políticas adotadas complementam os recursos alocados nas atividades de inovação pelas empresas ou se haveria simplesmente a substituição desses últimos pelos recursos públicos. Neste artigo, uma técnica quasi-experimental é aplicada para comparar as empresas que acessaram os fundos setoriais com aquelas que não os acessaram, usando dados de painel que incluem informações sobre esforços tecnológicos e resultados. O grupo de controle é definido com base no algoritmo de Propensity Score Matching (PSM) visando eliminar o viés de seleção no acesso aos fundos que faz com que, a priori, as empresas que acessam esses recursos trilhem uma trajetória distinta das empresas que não acessam. Estimativas das diferenças percentuais das taxas de crescimento dos esforços tecnológicos indicam um significativo descolamento entre os grupos de tratamento e controle e permitem que se rejeite a hipótese de crowding out. Os fundos setoriais apresentam ainda um impacto positivo e significativo no pessoal ocupado total, embora apenas um impacto marginalmente significante nas exportações de alto conteúdo tecnológico tenha sido observado,
(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)

Suggested Citation

  • Luiz Ricardo Cavalcante & Bruno César Araújo & Donald Pianto & Fernanda De Negri & Patrick Alves, 2011. "Impactos Dos Fundos Setoriais Nasempresas," Anais do XXXVIII Encontro Nacional de Economia [Proceedings of the 38th Brazilian Economics Meeting] 124, ANPEC - Associação Nacional dos Centros de Pós-Graduação em Economia [Brazilian Association of Graduate Programs in Economics].
    • Handle: RePEc:anp:en2010:124
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Daniel Gama e Colombo, 2016. "Impact Assessment of Tax Incentives to Foster Industrial Innovation in Brazil: The Case of Law 11,196/05," Working Papers, Department of Economics 2016_30, University of São Paulo (FEA-USP).
    2. Márcia Siqueira Rapini & Vanessa Parreiras de Oliveira & Thiago Caliari, 2014. "Como a interação universidade-empresa é remunerada no Brasil: evidências dos grupos de pesquisa do CNPQ," Textos para Discussão Cedeplar-UFMG 513, Cedeplar, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais.
    3. Betarelli Junior, Admir Antonio & Faria, Weslem Rodrigues & Gonçalves Montenegro, Rosa Livia & Bahia, Domitila Santos & Gonçalves, Eduardo, 2020. "Research and development, productive structure and economic effects: Assessing the role of public financing in Brazil," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 235-253.

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