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Understanding Low-Income and Low-Access Census Tracts Across the Nation: Subnational and Subpopulation Estimates of Access to Healthy Food

Author

Listed:
  • Rhone, Alana
  • Ver Ploeg, Michele
  • Williams, Ryan
  • Breneman, Vince

Abstract

Accessing affordable and nutritious food is a challenge for many Americans. In 2015, an estimated 12.7 percent of U.S. census tracts were “low-income” (defined by the poverty rate or median family income of a tract) and had a significant number or share of the population with limited access to food stores (supermarket, supercenter, or large grocery store). This report provides 2015 estimates of foodstore access for various characteristics of the population. These estimates are also produced separately for urban and rural areas. For the first time, this report also summarizes census tract measures of foodstore access by State, metropolitan, and micropolitan areas. Overall, 34 percent of SNAP households lived more than 1 mile from a food store in 2015. The median distance to the nearest three food stores for children, working-age adults, and seniors was 1.86 miles. For a majority of States, the number of low-income (LI) census tracts increased between 2010 and 2015 while the number of low-access (LA) census tracts decreased. When both components were combined, 21 States saw either a decrease in the number of low-income and low-access (LILA) census tracts or little change between 2010 and 2015.

Suggested Citation

  • Rhone, Alana & Ver Ploeg, Michele & Williams, Ryan & Breneman, Vince, 2019. "Understanding Low-Income and Low-Access Census Tracts Across the Nation: Subnational and Subpopulation Estimates of Access to Healthy Food," Economic Information Bulletin 289136, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:uersib:289136
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.289136
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    Cited by:

    1. Sara John & Megan R. Winkler & Ravneet Kaur & Julia DeAngelo & Alex B. Hill & Samantha M. Sundermeir & Uriyoan Colon-Ramos & Lucia A. Leone & Rachael D. Dombrowski & Emma C. Lewis & Joel Gittelsohn, 2022. "Balancing Mission and Margins: What Makes Healthy Community Food Stores Successful," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(14), pages 1-20, July.
    2. Donald F. Vitaliano, 2022. "Food deserts and location economics," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 2(2), pages 1-15, February.
    3. Melissa Goodman & Jessica Thomson & Alicia Landry, 2020. "Food Environment in the Lower Mississippi Delta: Food Deserts, Food Swamps and Hot Spots," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-13, May.
    4. Jason Jabbari & Yung Chun & Pranav Nandan & Laura McDermott & Tyler Frank & Sarah Moreland-Russell & Dan Ferris & Stephen Roll, 2021. "How Did School Meal Access Change during the COVID-19 Pandemic? A Two-Step Floating Catchment Area Analysis of a Large Metropolitan Area," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-17, October.
    5. Raphael D. Isokpehi & Matilda O. Johnson & Bryanna Campos & Arianna Sanders & Thometta Cozart & Idethia S. Harvey, 2020. "Knowledge Visualizations to Inform Decision Making for Improving Food Accessibility and Reducing Obesity Rates in the United States," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(4), pages 1-27, February.
    6. Helms, Veronica E & Coleman-Jensen, Alisha & Gray, Regina & Brucker, Debra L, 2020. "Household Food Insecurity and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Federal Housing Assistance," Economic Research Report 327205, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    7. Rhone, Alana, & Williams, Ryan & Dicken, Christopher, 2022. "Low-Income and Low-Foodstore-Access Census Tracts, 2015–19," USDA Miscellaneous 323869, United States Department of Agriculture.
    8. Rhone, Alana & Williams, Ryan & Dicken, Christopher, 2022. "Low-Income and Low-Foodstore-Access Census Tracts, 2015–19," Economic Information Bulletin 327355, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    9. Kathryn M. Janda & Nalini Ranjit & Deborah Salvo & Deanna M. Hoelscher & Aida Nielsen & Joy Casnovsky & Alexandra van den Berg, 2022. "Examining Geographic Food Access, Food Insecurity, and Urbanicity among Diverse, Low-Income Participants in Austin, Texas," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-12, April.
    10. Jessica E. Todd & Lisa Mancino & Brandon J. Restrepo & Claudine Kavanaugh & Chris Dicken & Vince Breneman, 2021. "Food Away From Home And Caloric Intake: The Role Of Restaurant Menu Labeling Laws," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 59(1), pages 53-71, January.
    11. Jiao, Junfeng & Azimian, Amin, 2021. "Measuring accessibility to grocery stores using radiation model and survival analysis," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    12. Helms, Veronica E. & Coleman-Jensen, Alisha & Gray, Regina & Brucker, Debra L., 2020. "Household Food Insecurity and U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development Federal Housing Assistance," Agricultural Economic Reports 307395, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.

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