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Economics of Agents with Social preferences: The Third Fundamental Theorem of Welfare Economics تداخل المتغيرات الاقتصادية مع التفضيلات الاجتماعية: النظرية الثالثة الأساسية لاقتصاديات الرفاه

In: Lectures in Islamic Economics and Finance, Selected From Wednesday Seminars-08 محاضرات في الاقتصاد والتمويل الإسلامي ، مختارة من حوارات الأربعاء - 08

Author

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  • Hayat Khan

    (Department Finance La Trobe Business School Faculty of Business Economics and Law La Trobe University, Bundoora 308.)

Abstract

Proof of the existence of equilibrium and the first and second fundamental theorems of welfare economics are believed to be the most remarkable achievements of modern microeconomic theory as they are at the heart of the debate between interventionist and non-interventionist and equity-efficiency trade-off. Interestingly, the debate motivated by moral concerns assumes that individuals are sordidly selfish. This paper revisits the debate thereby replacing the selfish agent with a social agent (an agent whose choices are sensitive to the social outcome of her selfish choices). The outcome of this objective exercise is summarized in the ‘third fundamental theorem of welfare economics which is shown to be pareto-improvement over the two fundamental theorems of welfare economics. The market, perfectly competitive or otherwise, endogenously achieves an equitable and efficient solution. It also makes a case for the equity-efficiency trade-off reversal and endogenous return to altruism. يعد تحقق التوازن في نظريات الرفاه الاقتصادي الأساسية: الأولى والثانية، أبرز إنجازات النظرية الاقتصادية الجزئية الحديثة. ويتجلى ذلك التوازن في صميم النقاش الجاري بين المنادين بضرورة التدخل من عدمه، من جهة، والمؤيدين لمبدأ تحقيق كفاءة التبادل العادل بين الأطراف المختلفة من جهة أخرى. لكن المثير للاهتمام، تأثر هذا النقاش باعتبارات أخلاقية مبنية على افتراض أن الأفراد تحكمهم دوافع الأنانية. هذه الورقة تعيد النظر في تلك النقاشات وبالتالي تستبدل عامل الأنانية بعامل اجتماعي وهو: أن خيارات الفرد تتأثر بشكل مباشر بنتائج الاختيارات الاجتماعية الأنانية. إن نتائج هذا التحليل الموضوعي يمكن تلمسها من خلال معطيات ' النظرية الثالثة الأساسية لاقتصاد الرفاه ' والتي أظهرت تحسنًا واضحًا على النظريات السابقة الأساسية. إن تحقق شروط السوق التنافسية التامة أو غيرها، سيساهم ضمنيًا في إيجاد حل منصف وفعال، كما أن النظرية المقترحة تبرز انعكاس كفاءة التبادل العادل، وتنشر سلوكيات الخلق الإيثاري المتبادل بين الجميع.

Suggested Citation

  • Hayat Khan, 2014. "Economics of Agents with Social preferences: The Third Fundamental Theorem of Welfare Economics تداخل المتغيرات الاقتصادية مع التفضيلات الاجتماعية: النظرية الثالثة الأساسية لاقتصاديات الرفاه," Chapters of books published by the Islamic Economics Institute, KAAU or its faculty members., in: Islamic Economics Institute (ed.),Lectures in Islamic Economics and Finance, Selected From Wednesday Seminars-08 محاضرات في الاقتصاد والتمويل الإسلامي ، مختارة من حوارات الأربعاء - 08, edition 0, chapter 24, pages 319-338, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute..
  • Handle: RePEc:abd:ieibch:769
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mr. Juan Sole & Andreas Jobst, 2012. "Operative Principles of Islamic Derivatives: Towards a Coherent Theory," IMF Working Papers 2012/063, International Monetary Fund.
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