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Teilstudie 1: Determinanten des Wirtschaftswachstums im OECD-Raum

Author

Listed:
  • Martin Falk

    (WIFO)

  • Fabian Unterlass

    (WIFO)

Abstract

Die Teilstudie untersucht die Determinanten des Wirtschaftswachstums (gemessen am Wachstum des BIP pro Kopf der Erwerbsfähigen im Alter von 15 bis 64 Jahren zu konstanten Kaufkraftparitäten) in den OECD-Ländern im Zeitraum von 1970 bis 2004. Demnach haben die Investitionsquote, die Humankapitalausstattung, die Forschungs- und Entwicklungsquote im Unternehmenssektor, der Anteil der Forschungs- und Entwicklungsausgaben im High-Tech-Sektor, der Anteil der Hochtechnologieexporte und der Wertschöpfungsanteil der High-Tech-Branchen einen signifikant positiven Einfluss auf das BIP pro Kopf der Erwerbsfähigen. Eine Steigerung der Forschungsquote oder eine Umschichtung der Forschungsausgaben hin zum High-Tech-Sektor hätte einen unmittelbar wachstumsfördernden Effekt. Seit den neunziger Jahren verlieren die Investitionen signifikant an Bedeutung für das Wirtschaftswachstum, während der Einfluss der Forschungs- und Entwicklungsaktivitäten seit den achtziger Jahren etwas zugenommen hat. Deutlich gestiegen ist seit den neunziger Jahren auch der Wachstumseinfluss der technologischen Spezialisierung im Hochtechnologiebereich. Eine Steigerung der Akademikerquote auf OECD-Niveau würde das BIP pro Kopf der Erwerbsfähigen langfristig beträchtlich steigern. Eine wachstums- und beschäftigungsfördernde Wirtschaftspolitik sollte vor allem weitere Anreize für forcierte Investitionen in Forschung und Entwicklung, insbesondere im High-Tech-Bereich, vorsehen. Für die Umsetzung von neuem Wissen und dessen Diffusion ist auch eine Steigerung der Zahl der Absolventen technischer und naturwissenschaftlicher Studiengänge und der Qualität der Hochschulen erforderlich.

Suggested Citation

  • Martin Falk & Fabian Unterlass, 2006. "Teilstudie 1: Determinanten des Wirtschaftswachstums im OECD-Raum," WIFO Studies, WIFO, number 27440.
    • Handle: RePEc:wfo:wstudy:27440
    Note: With English abstract.
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    References listed on IDEAS

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