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New Perspectives in Internal Audit Research: A Structured Literature Review

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  • Mélanie Roussy
  • Alexandre Perron

Abstract

This structured literature review adopts a multimethod and multitheoretical approach to identify current knowledge about internal audit as well as related knowledge gaps. To that end, it provides an overview of post‐Sarbanes‐Oxley Act literature, organizing it under three themes: the multiple roles of internal audit, internal audit quality (IAQ), and the practice of internal audit. Despite the volume of literature published during the period covered by this review (2005 to mid‐2017), the first two themes are still in development, while the third is emergent. We suggest research avenues to fill the following main gaps: (i) Given differing opinions about the expected or actual roles of internal audit, prior literature infers that the internal audit function has become the “jack of all trades” of governance, but does not clearly capture its actual roles. (ii) The viewpoint of external auditors has dominated IAQ research, leading to a misunderstanding of how actors with greater stakes in the practice of internal audit conceptualize and evaluate IAQ. (iii) Knowledge of the actual practice of internal audit and its accountability and ethical issues is fragmentary, therefore the literature's current picture of internal audit is far from comprehensive. Résumé Nouvelles perspectives de recherche en audit interne : Une recension des écrits structurée L'analyse documentaire structurée à laquelle procèdent les auteurs fait appel à une démarche multiméthode et multithéorie pour définir les connaissances actuelles au sujet de l'audit interne ainsi que les lacunes du savoir à ce chapitre. À cet égard, cet exercice donne un aperçu de la documentation postérieure à la SOX, en l'organisant selon trois thèmes : les rôles multiples de l'audit interne, la qualité de l'audit interne et l'exercice de l'audit interne. Malgré le volume de la documentation publiée au cours de la période sur laquelle porte cette analyse (de 2005 jusqu'au milieu de 2017), les deux premiers thèmes sont toujours en développement, alors que le troisième est émergent. Les auteurs proposent des pistes de recherche afin de combler les principales lacunes qui suivent. 1) Compte tenu des divergences d'opinion quant aux rôles attendus ou réels de l'audit interne, les écrits laissent supposer jusqu’à maintenant que la fonction d'audit interne est désormais le « factotum » de la gouvernance, sans toutefois en saisir clairement les rôles réels. 2) Le point de vue des auditeurs externes a dominé la recherche sur la qualité de l'audit interne, ce qui a mené à une méprise quant à la façon dont les acteurs pour lesquels les enjeux de l'exercice de l'audit interne sont plus importants conceptualisent et évaluent la qualité de l'audit interne. 3) La connaissance de l'exercice réel de l'audit interne et de l'obligation de rendre compte ainsi que des questions éthiques qui y sont associées est fragmentaire, si bien que le portrait actuel de la documentation est loin d’être complet.

Suggested Citation

  • Mélanie Roussy & Alexandre Perron, 2018. "New Perspectives in Internal Audit Research: A Structured Literature Review," Accounting Perspectives, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 17(3), pages 345-385, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:accper:v:17:y:2018:i:3:p:345-385
    DOI: 10.1111/1911-3838.12180
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