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Establishing a new UK finance escalator for innovative SMEs: the roles of the Enterprise Capital Funds and Angel Co-Investment Fund

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  • Robert Baldock
  • Colin Mason

Abstract

This paper examines UK public policy addressing the seed and early stage equity finance gap since the global financial crisis (GFC). Drawing on lessons learned from recent studies of UK and international government equity schemes, two contemporary models of government-backed equity finance are examined. The focus is on the Enterprise Capital Funds (ECFs) and the Angel Co-Investment Fund (ACF), the UK government's main schemes operating in the sub-£2m equity finance gap to address the capital requirements for developing the UK's young, potential high growth businesses. The paper highlights the shortcomings of traditional interim fund performance analysis and presents current demand and supply side evidence that establishes that these schemes are making attributable impacts on their portfolio businesses and the wider UK economy. It also demonstrates that they are playing important roles in the establishment of a new post-GFC UK finance escalator. However, whilst these schemes were found to be currently complementary and effective, their future roles within the UK's evolving post-GFC seed and early stage equity markets are also considered.

Suggested Citation

  • Robert Baldock & Colin Mason, 2015. "Establishing a new UK finance escalator for innovative SMEs: the roles of the Enterprise Capital Funds and Angel Co-Investment Fund," Venture Capital, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 17(1-2), pages 59-86, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:veecee:v:17:y:2015:i:1-2:p:59-86
    DOI: 10.1080/13691066.2015.1021025
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stuart Fraser & Sumon Bhaumik & Mike Wright, 2013. "What do we know about the relationship between entrepreneurial finance and growth?," White Papers 0004, Enterprise Research Centre.
    2. Gordon Murray & Ari Hyytinen & Markku Maula, 2009. "Growth Entrepreneurship and Finance," Chapters, in: Reinhilde Veugelers (ed.), The Evaluation of the Finnish National Innovation System, pages 147-202, The Research Institute of the Finnish Economy.
    3. Chan‐orn Bongsebandhu‐phubhakdi & Tomoko Saiki & Hiroshi Osada, 2009. "Management of technology in Thai automotive parts companies," Journal of Advances in Management Research, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 6(2), pages 128-143, August.
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    1. Bonini, Stefano & Capizzi, Vincenzo & Valletta, Mario & Zocchi, Paola, 2018. "Angel network affiliation and business angels' investment practices," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 592-608.
    2. Martina Pilloni & József Kádár & Tareq Abu Hamed, 2022. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Energy Start-Up Companies: The Use of Global Financial Crisis (GFC) as a Lesson for Future Recovery," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-15, May.
    3. Robert Baldock, 2016. "An assessment of the business impacts of the UK’s Enterprise Capital Funds," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 34(8), pages 1556-1581, December.
    4. Bonnet, Christophe & Capizzi, Vincenzo & Cohen, Laurence & Petit, Aurelien & Wirtz, Peter, 2022. "What drives the active involvement in business angel groups? The role of angels' decision-making style, investment-specific human capital and motivations," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    5. Pandey, Dharen Kumar & Hunjra, Ahmed Imran & Hassan, M. Kabir & Rai, Varun Kumar, 2023. "Venture capital financing during crises: A bibliometric review," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    6. Maresch, Daniela & Leo, Hannes & Walsh, Steven T., 2023. "Hotspurs in, sober bores out: A call and an agenda for entrepreneurship and innovation policies that foster rapidly scaling ventures," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).

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