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Do bilateral trade relationships influence the distribution of CDM projects?

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  • Valeria Costantini
  • Giorgia Sforna

Abstract

The use of the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is increasingly widespread in developing countries. However, CDM projects are still far from being an effective development activity due to the uneven distribution of these projects in a few relatively well-off economies. One potential cause of this imbalance is analysed in terms of the trade relationships between developed and developing countries. By applying a gravity model to a panel dataset, well-established export flows from developed economies towards developing countries are shown to explain why a large proportion of CDM projects are unevenly geographically distributed. This kind of lock-in effect regarding the CDM between developed and developing countries could be avoided by both enhancing the institutional framework in developing countries that host CDM projects and reinforcing compulsory rules for CDM destinations in the least-developed economies. Policy relevance The results presented in this article are relevant in two ways to the ongoing climate change negotiations regarding the future of the Kyoto Protocol and its various mechanisms, and more generally to the fight against climate change and its impacts on developing countries. First, in order to overcome the lock-in effect created by export flows from developed to developing countries, there should be an ad hoc policy action to redistribute CDM investments to developing countries. Second, there is also a need for the institutional framework in developing countries that host CDMs to be enhanced because it is a major factor in reducing transaction costs and the risk of uncertainty. This framework could therefore provide a stable environment for investment decisions.

Suggested Citation

  • Valeria Costantini & Giorgia Sforna, 2014. "Do bilateral trade relationships influence the distribution of CDM projects?," Climate Policy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(5), pages 559-580, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:tcpoxx:v:14:y:2014:i:5:p:559-580
    DOI: 10.1080/14693062.2014.871467
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jeffrey M Wooldridge, 2010. "Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 2, volume 1, number 0262232588, December.
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    1. Trotter, Ian Michael & da Cunha, Dênis Antônio & Féres, José Gustavo, 2015. "The relationships between CDM project characteristics and CER market prices," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 119(C), pages 158-167.
    2. Marianna Gilli & Massimiliano Mazzanti, 2019. "Contextualising Sustainability: Socio-Economic Dynamics, Technology and Policies," SEEDS Working Papers 0419, SEEDS, Sustainability Environmental Economics and Dynamics Studies, revised Mar 2019.
    3. Nadia Basty & Dorsaf Azouz Ghachem, 2022. "A Sectoral Approach of Adaptation Finance in Developing Countries: Does Climate Justice Apply?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-18, August.
    4. Michael Friis Jensen, 2020. "How Could Trade Measures Being Considered to Mitigate Climate Change Affect LDC Exports?," World Bank Publications - Reports 35844, The World Bank Group.
    5. Giorgia Sforna, 2019. "Climate change and developing countries: from background actors to protagonists of climate negotiations," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 19(3), pages 273-295, June.
    6. Röttgers, Dirk & Grote, Ulrike, 2014. "Africa and the Clean Development Mechanism: What Determines Project Investments?," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 201-212.
    7. Mele, Antonio & Paglialunga, Elena & Sforna, Giorgia, 2021. "Climate cooperation from Kyoto to Paris: What can be learnt from the CDM experience?," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 75(C).

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