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'Breaking Out' and 'Breaking In': Changing Firm Strategies in the Dutch Audiovisual Industry

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  • Rogier van der Groep

Abstract

Van der Groep R. 'Breaking out' and 'breaking in': changing firm strategies in the Dutch audiovisual industry, Regional Studies. In this article, it is argued that privatization and deregulation processes in the Dutch broadcasting system in 1989 affected the entrepreneurial strategies of audiovisual firms in the municipality of Hilversum (that is, the broadcast town of the Netherlands) in such a way that it caused a radical break in the overall organizational structure of the broadcasting system. Two particular responses of audiovisual firms in Hilversum are reconstructed. First, there are firms with an adaptive strategy that compete on price and focus on cost reduction. However, a second and more innovative strategy is noted as well. This second strategy is found among broadcasters and television producers who started to produce audiovisual content for other media, such as internet firms and cable firms. In addition, alliances were established in this latter group with innovative (audiovisual) firms elsewhere, such as in Amsterdam, the largest audiovisual cluster of the Netherlands, in order to launch new innovative products. Eventually, it seems that Dutch audiovisual broadcasters evolve into Systems Houses, which are large disintegrated conglomerates that produce in small batches in order to realize external economies of scope. It is concluded that the establishment of these inter-cluster partnerships should be interpreted as an interactive learning process to increase their responsiveness focus, which enables Hilversum-based audiovisual firms to deal more effectively with institutional, political or technological changes. [image omitted] Van der Groep R. 'Sortir' et 'entrer': le changement des strategies des entreprises dans l'industrie audiovisuelle en Hollande, Regional Studies. Cet article affirme que la privatisation et la dereglementation de l'audiovisuel hollandais en 1989 a influe sur les strategies entrepreneuriales des entreprises audiovisuelles dans la municipalite d'Hilversum (a savoir la ville audiovisuelle en Hollande) d'une telle facon qu'il en a resulte un changement profond de la structure organisationnelle generale de l'audiovisuel. On reconstruit deux reponses particulieres des entreprises audiovisuelles situees a Hilversum. Primo, il y a des entreprises dont la strategie est adaptee qui font concurrence sur la base de prix et qui se concentrent sur la baisse des couts. Secundo, on note egalement une strategie plus innovatrice. Cette deuxieme strategie est evidente parmi les diffuseurs et les producteurs qui ont commence a produire du contenu audiovisuel pour d'autres medias, tels les fournisseurs d'acces l'Internet et les diffuseurs par cable. En plus, ce dernier groupe a forme des alliances avec des entreprises (audiovisuelles) innovatrices ailleurs pour lancer des produits phares, a Amsterdam par exemple, le regroupement audiovisuel le plus grand en Hollande. A terme, il semble que l'audiovisuel hollandais cree des Maisons de systemes, autrement dit des conglomerats desagreges qui produisent par lots pour realiser des economies d'echelle externes. On conclut que l'on devrait considerer la formation de ces partenariats de regroupements comme un processus d'apprentissage interactif destine a augmenter leur dynamisme, ce qui permet aux entreprises audiovisuelles situees a Hilversum d'affronter plus efficacement le changement institutionnel, politique ou technologique. Regroupements Crise structurelle Industrie audiovisuelle Hollande Changement organisationnel Van der Groep R. 'Ausbruch' und 'Einarbeit': Veranderungen bei den Firmenstrategien in der audiovisuellen Branche Hollands, Regional Studies. In diesem Beitrag argumentieren wir, dass sich die Privatisierung und Deregulierung des hollandischen Rundfunks im Jahr 1989 auf die Unternehmensstrategien audiovisueller Firmen in der Gemeinde Hilversum (der Rundfunkstadt Hollands) ausgewirkt haben, indem sie einen radikalen Bruch in der generellen Organisationsstruktur des Rundfunks verursachten. Es werden zwei konkrete Reaktionen von audiovisuellen Firmen in Hilversum rekonstruiert. Erstens gibt es Firmen mit einer adaptiven Strategie, die beim Preis konkurrieren und sich auf Kostensenkung konzentrieren. Es ist jedoch auch eine zweite, innovativere Strategie zu verzeichnen. Diese zweite Strategie findet sich bei Rundfunksendern und Fernsehproduzenten, die audiovisuelle Inhalte fur andere Medien wie Internet- und Kabelfirmen produzieren. Zusatzlich wurden in dieser zweiten Gruppe Bundnisse mit innovativen (audiovisuellen) Firmen an anderen Orten abgeschlossen - z. B. in Amsterdam, dem grossten audiovisuellen Cluster der Niederlande -, um neue, innovative Produkte herauszubringen. Langfristig scheinen sich die hollandischen Rundfunksender zu Systemhausern zu entwickeln, also zu grossen, desintegrierten Konglomeraten, die in kleinen Auflagen produzieren, um einen externen Verbundvorteil zu nutzen. Wir ziehen den Schluss, dass die Einrichtung dieser Partnerschaften zwischen Clustern als interaktiver Lernprozess zur Erhohung der Reaktionsfahigkeit interpretiert werden sollte, der audiovisuellen Firmen in Hilversum einen effektiveren Umgang mit institutionellen, politischen oder technologischen Veranderungen ermoglicht. Cluster Strukturkrise Audiovisuelle Branche Niederlande Organisatorische Veranderungen Van der Groep R. 'Evasion e iniciacion': cambiando las estrategias empresariales en la industria audiovisual holandesa, Regional Studies. En este articulo sostenemos que los procesos de privatizacion y desregulacion en el sistema de radiodifusion holandes en 1989 afectaron a las estrategias empresariales de las empresas audiovisuales en el municipio de Hilversum (es decir, la ciudad de radiodifusion de los Paises Bajos) de modo que causo una ruptura radical en la estructura general de la organizacion del sistema de radiodifusion. Reconstruimos dos respuestas especificas de las empresas audiovisuales en Hilversum. En primer lugar, existen empresas con una estrategia adaptable que compiten sobre el precio y se concentran en la reduccion de costes. Sin embargo, tambien se observa una segunda estrategia mas innovadora. Esta segunda estrategia se halla entre los productores de radiodifusion y television que empezaron a producir contenido audiovisual por otros medios tales como empresas de Internet y de cable. Ademas, se establecieron alianzas en este ultimo grupo con empresas (audiovisuales) innovadoras en otras partes, como Amsterdam, la aglomeracion audiovisual mas importante de los Paises Bajos, a fin de introducir nuevos productos innovadores. Parece que los radiodifusores audiovisuales holandeses se convierten con el tiempo en Casas de Sistemas, que son grandes conglomerados desintegrados que producen en pequenos lotes a fin de realizar las economias externas de alcance. Concluimos que la creacion de estas sociedades inter-cluster deberia interpretarse como un proceso de aprendizaje interactivo para aumentar su enfoque de receptividad que permite a las empresas audiovisuales de Hilversum tratar con mas eficacia los cambios institucionales, politicos o tecnologicos. Aglomeraciones Crisis estructural Industria audiovisual Los Paises Bajos Cambio de organizacion

Suggested Citation

  • Rogier van der Groep, 2010. "'Breaking Out' and 'Breaking In': Changing Firm Strategies in the Dutch Audiovisual Industry," Regional Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 44(7), pages 845-858.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:regstd:v:44:y:2010:i:7:p:845-858
    DOI: 10.1080/00343400903167896
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    1. Whitley, Richard, 2000. "Divergent Capitalisms: The Social Structuring and Change of Business Systems," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199240425.
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    1. Andrea Caragliu & Camilla Lenzi & Selyf Morgan, 2013. "Development dynamics within creative media industries: the case of television and digital media in Wales," Regional Science Policy & Practice, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 5(4), pages 385-400, November.

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