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Income inequality and structures of international trade

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  • Firat Demir
  • Jiandong Ju
  • Yin Zhou

Abstract

The effects of trade openness on within-country income inequality in developing countries are found to be inconclusive in existing literature. This study proposes a “threshold effect” to address this issue. We argue that when exports benefit a large portion of population, it is more likely to decrease income inequality within a country; otherwise, increasing exports will likely increase the income inequality. Using a data-set of 55 developing countries from 1981 to 2005, we find that if the employment share of manufacturing industry is above (below) a threshold, the increase in the share of manufactures exports reduces (increases) the within-country income inequality.

Suggested Citation

  • Firat Demir & Jiandong Ju & Yin Zhou, 2012. "Income inequality and structures of international trade," Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting & Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 19(2), pages 167-180.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:raaexx:v:19:y:2012:i:2:p:167-180
    DOI: 10.1080/16081625.2012.667379
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Christopher F Baum & Mark E. Schaffer & Steven Stillman, 2003. "Instrumental variables and GMM: Estimation and testing," Stata Journal, StataCorp LP, vol. 3(1), pages 1-31, March.
    2. Mr. Chris Papageorgiou & Mr. Subir Lall & Ms. Florence Jaumotte, 2008. "Rising Income Inequality: Technology, or Trade and Financial Globalization?," IMF Working Papers 2008/185, International Monetary Fund.
    3. Giovanni Andrea Cornia & Tony Addison & Sampsa Kiiski, 2003. "Income Distribution Changes and their Impact in the Post-World War II Period," WIDER Working Paper Series DP2003-28, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
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    Cited by:

    1. Xiaohua Bao & Xiaozhuo Wang, 2019. "The Evolution and Reshaping of Globalization: A Perspective Based on the Development of Regional Trade Agreements," China & World Economy, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, vol. 27(1), pages 51-71, January.
    2. Bukhari, Mahnoor & Munir, Kashif, 2016. "Impact of Globalization on Income Inequality in Selected Asian Countries," MPRA Paper 74248, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Uddin, Md. Nezum, 2020. "Bangladesh: Income Inequality and Globalization," Asian Business Review, Asian Business Consortium, vol. 10(1), pages 43-52.
    4. Atta Ullah & Zhao Kui & Saif Ullah & Chen Pinglu & Saba Khan, 2021. "Sustainable Utilization of Financial and Institutional Resources in Reducing Income Inequality and Poverty," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-25, January.
    5. Mohamad, Nurul Muna & Masron, tajul & Widiyanti, Risna & Mohd Jamil, Muslimah, 2020. "Islamic Banking and Income Inequality: The Role of Corporate Social Responsibility," Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, vol. 54(2), pages 77-90.
    6. Andoni Fornio Barusman & Dr. M. Yusuf Sulfarano Barusman, 2017. "The Impact of International Trade on Income Inequality in the United States since 1970's," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(4A), pages 35-50.
    7. Sugiharso Safuan, 2017. "ASEAN-China Free Trade Area: An Assessment of Tariff Elimination Effect on Welfare," European Research Studies Journal, European Research Studies Journal, vol. 0(4B), pages 27-37.

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