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FDI, openness and income

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  • Ting Gao

Abstract

This is an empirical study of the impact of foreign direct investment (FDI) on income. It presents cross-country evidence that inward FDI is positively correlated with income. In addition, an instrument for FDI is constructed to address the issue of endogeneity. The results show that instrumental-variables (IV) estimates of the impact of FDI on income are positive and greater than OLS estimates, similar to the findings on trade in Frankel and Romer (1999). The evidence in this paper suggests that inward FDI contributes to higher income, and favours the argument of Irwin and Tervio (2002) that trade openness is subject to measurement error - in particular, trade is an imperfect proxy for many income-enhancing interactions between countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Ting Gao, 2004. "FDI, openness and income," The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 13(3), pages 305-323.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:jitecd:v:13:y:2004:i:3:p:305-323
    DOI: 10.1080/0963819042000240048
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Brian Aitken & Ann Harrison & Robert E. Lipsey, 2022. "Wages and foreign ownership A comparative study of Mexico, Venezuela, and the United States," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Globalization, Firms, and Workers, chapter 4, pages 61-87, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
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    Cited by:

    1. Bénétrix, Agustin & Pallan, Hayley & Panizza, Ugo, 2022. "The Elusive Link Between FDI and Economic Growth," CEPR Discussion Papers 17692, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    2. Wolfgang Polasek & Richard Sellner, 2013. "The Does Globalization Affect Regional Growth? Evidence for NUTS-2 Regions in EU-27," DANUBE: Law and Economics Review, European Association Comenius - EACO, issue 1, pages 23-65, March.
    3. Azam, Muhammad & Khan, Hashim & Hunjra, Ahmed Imran & Ahmad, H. Mushtaq & Chani, Muhammad Irfan, 2011. "Institutions, macroeconomic policy and foreign direct investment: South Asian countries case," MPRA Paper 32480, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Yanling Wang, 2012. "Openness and Productivity: The Role of Imports, FDI and International Telecommunications," Latin American Journal of Economics-formerly Cuadernos de Economía, Instituto de Economía. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile., vol. 49(1), pages 125-145, May.
    5. Raymond Kofi Adjei & Veronika Kajurová, 2021. "What Affects Income in Sub-Saharan Africa?," European Journal of Business Science and Technology, Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Business and Economics, vol. 7(2), pages 223-237.
    6. Muhammad Arshad Khan, 2007. "Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth: The Role of Domestic Financial Sector," PIDE-Working Papers 2007:18, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics.
    7. Mohamed Masry, 2015. "Does Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) Really Matter in Developing Countries? The Case of Egypt," Research in World Economy, Research in World Economy, Sciedu Press, vol. 6(4), pages 64-77, December.

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