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When Do States Say Uncle? Network Dependence and Sanction Compliance

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  • Cassy Dorff
  • Shahryar Minhas

Abstract

In this article we address the long-debated question of when and why states comply with sanctions. While the literature remains indeterminate as to whether the key mechanisms driving sanction compliance are tied to interstate relations, intrastate constraints, or a dynamic combination of the two, our theoretical framework and methodological approach provide a novel perspective that incorporates insights drawn from network theory to explain the time until countries comply. Specifically, we argue that reciprocity, a concept with deep roots in both network theory and international relations, has largely been overlooked in the study of sanction compliance. Though often ignored, this concept captures an essential aspect of how cooperation is fostered in the international system and allows us to better analyze the strategic environment underlying sanctioning behavior. Given the theoretical importance of reciprocity in understanding interstate relations, we provide an approach that integrates estimations of this type of network interdependency into extant frameworks for modeling the time until countries comply with sanctions. Our results highlight that reciprocity not only has a substantive effect in explaining the duration of sanctions but that models excluding this concept from their specifications do notably worse in terms of their predictive performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Cassy Dorff & Shahryar Minhas, 2017. "When Do States Say Uncle? Network Dependence and Sanction Compliance," International Interactions, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(4), pages 563-588, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:ginixx:v:43:y:2017:i:4:p:563-588
    DOI: 10.1080/03050629.2016.1221679
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gary Clyde Hufbauer & Kimberly Ann Elliott & Tess Cyrus & Elizabeth Winston, 1997. "US Economic Sanctions: Their Impact on Trade, Jobs, and Wages," Working Paper Series Working Paper Special (2), Peterson Institute for International Economics.
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