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Development-led planning practices in a plan-led planning system: empirical evidence from Finland

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  • Eero Valtonen
  • Heidi Falkenbach
  • Kauko Viitanen

Abstract

Planning systems are generally divided into plan-led and development-led systems. However, it is quite common that the planning practice follows development-led planning although the planning system would structurally be plan-led. To study how development-led planning affects the implementation of large-scale urban development projects, we conducted a cross-sectional survey in Finland – a country with a hierarchical setting of legally binding zoning plans which can be prepared by following either plan-led or development-led practices. The survey respondents were civil servants managing implementation of large-scale urban development projects. Our results quite surprisingly suggest that development-led planning may cause the projects to become more vulnerable to property market uncertainty compared to the projects following the plan-led practises. These results challenge the usual output-based legitimation of development-led planning to some extent.

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  • Eero Valtonen & Heidi Falkenbach & Kauko Viitanen, 2017. "Development-led planning practices in a plan-led planning system: empirical evidence from Finland," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(6), pages 1053-1075, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:eurpls:v:25:y:2017:i:6:p:1053-1075
    DOI: 10.1080/09654313.2017.1301885
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Liu, Wen & Beattie, Lee & Haarhoff, Errol, 2021. "Outcome-focused plan discretion for facilitating residential intensification: Exploring the insights and experience of property developers and planners," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C).
    3. Zhang, Shouguo & Zhang, Jianjun & Sha, Anmeng & Zhang, Yaping & Zhang, Di, 2023. "How to recognize the role of policy clusters in built-up land intensity: An empirical case of the Yangtze River Economic Belt of China," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    4. Lönnroth, Tea & Krigsholm, Pauliina & Falkenbach, Heidi & Oikarinen, Elias, 2024. "Advancing understanding of the linkages between local land policy interventions and the responsiveness of housing supply: Intervention mechanisms in the Finnish context," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    5. Valtonen, Eero & Falkenbach, Heidi & Viitanen, Kauko, 2018. "Securing public objectives in large-scale urban development: Comparison of public and private land development," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 481-492.
    6. Oliveira, Eduardo & Hersperger, Anna M., 2018. "Governance arrangements, funding mechanisms and power configurations in current practices of strategic spatial plan implementation," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 623-633.
    7. Puustinen, Tuulia & Krigsholm, Pauliina & Falkenbach, Heidi, 2022. "Land policy conflict profiles for different densification types: A literature-based approach," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).

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