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Breaking down the non-normality of stock returns

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  • Michail Karoglou

Abstract

This paper investigates whether the non-normality typically observed in daily stock-market returns could arise because of the joint existence of breaks and GARCH effects. It proposes a data-driven procedure to credibly identify the number and timing of breaks and applies it on the benchmark stock-market indices of 27 OECD countries. The findings suggest that a substantial element of the observed deviations from normality might indeed be due to the co-existence of breaks and GARCH effects. However, the presence of structural changes is found to be the primary reason for the non-normality and not the GARCH effects. Also, there is still some remaining excess kurtosis that is unlikely to be linked to the specification of the conditional volatility or the presence of breaks. Finally, an interesting sideline result implies that GARCH models have limited capacity in forecasting stock-market volatility.

Suggested Citation

  • Michail Karoglou, 2010. "Breaking down the non-normality of stock returns," The European Journal of Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(1), pages 79-95.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:eurjfi:v:16:y:2010:i:1:p:79-95
    DOI: 10.1080/13518470902872343
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Luc, BAUWENS & Arie, PREMINGER & Jeroen, ROMBOUTS, 2006. "Regime switching GARCH models," Discussion Papers (ECON - Département des Sciences Economiques) 2006006, Université catholique de Louvain, Département des Sciences Economiques.
    2. repec:bgu:wpaper:0605 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Francis X. Diebold, 1986. "Temporal aggregation of ARCH processes and the distribution of asset returns," Special Studies Papers 200, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
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    Cited by:

    1. Bissoondeeal, Rakesh K. & Karoglou, Michail & Binner, Jane M., 2019. "Structural changes and the role of monetary aggregates in the UK," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 100-107.
    2. Rakesh K. Bissoondeeal & Michail Karoglou & Alicia M. Gazely, 2011. "Forecasting The Uk/Us Exchange Rate With Divisia Monetary Models And Neural Networks," Scottish Journal of Political Economy, Scottish Economic Society, vol. 58(1), pages 127-152, February.
    3. Michail Karoglou & Bruce Morley & Dennis Thomas, 2013. "Risk and Structural Instability in US House Prices," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 46(3), pages 424-436, April.
    4. Ngene, Geoffrey M. & Lee Kim, Yea & Wang, Jinghua, 2019. "Who poisons the pool? Time-varying asymmetric and nonlinear causal inference between low-risk and high-risk bonds markets," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 136-147.
    5. Marcus Davidsson, 2014. "Tactic Asset Allocation and Conditional Return Expectations," Journal of Statistical and Econometric Methods, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 3(2), pages 1-1.
    6. Farah Durani, 2024. "Time-varying Relationship between Fossil Fuel-Free Energy Indices and Economic Uncertainty: Global Evidence from Wavelet Coherence Approach," International Journal of Energy Economics and Policy, Econjournals, vol. 14(1), pages 663-672, January.
    7. Kenneth R. Szulczyk & Changyong Zhang, 2020. "Switching-regime regression for modeling and predicting a stock market return," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 59(5), pages 2385-2403, November.
    8. Karoglou, Michail & Morley, Bruce, 2012. "Purchasing power parity and structural instability in the US/UK exchange rate," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 22(4), pages 958-972.
    9. Gębka, Bartosz & Karoglou, Michail, 2013. "Have the GIPSI settled down? Breaks and multivariate stochastic volatility models for, and not against, the European financial integration," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 37(9), pages 3639-3653.
    10. Michail Karoglou, 2009. "Stock Market Efficiency before and after a Financial Liberalisation Reform," Journal of Emerging Market Finance, Institute for Financial Management and Research, vol. 8(3), pages 315-340, September.
    11. Efe Çağlar Çağli & Pinar Evrim Mandaci & Pinar Hakan Kahyaoğlu, 2011. "Volatility Shifts and Persistence in Variance: Evidence from the Sector Indices of Istanbul Stock Exchange," International Journal of Business and Economic Sciences Applied Research (IJBESAR), International Hellenic University (IHU), Kavala Campus, Greece (formerly Eastern Macedonia and Thrace Institute of Technology - EMaTTech), vol. 4(3), pages 119-140, December.
    12. Karanasos, Menelaos & Paraskevopoulos, Alexandros G. & Menla Ali, Faek & Karoglou, Michail & Yfanti, Stavroula, 2014. "Modelling stock volatilities during financial crises: A time varying coefficient approach," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 113-128.
    13. Anjum, Hassan & Malik, Farooq, 2020. "Forecasting risk in the US Dollar exchange rate under volatility shifts," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(C).
    14. Emmanuel Senyo Fianu, 2022. "Analyzing and Forecasting Multi-Commodity Prices Using Variants of Mode Decomposition-Based Extreme Learning Machine Hybridization Approach," Forecasting, MDPI, vol. 4(2), pages 1-27, June.
    15. Menelaos Karanasos & Alexandros Paraskevopoulos & Faek Menla Ali & Michail Karoglou & Stavroula Yfanti, 2014. "Modelling Returns and Volatilities During Financial Crises: a Time Varying Coefficient Approach," Papers 1403.7179, arXiv.org.
    16. Hood, Matthew & Malik, Farooq, 2018. "Estimating downside risk in stock returns under structural breaks," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 102-112.
    17. Karanasos, Menelaos & Yfanti, Stavroula & Karoglou, Michail, 2016. "Multivariate FIAPARCH modelling of financial markets with dynamic correlations in times of crisis," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 332-349.
    18. Karanasos, Menelaos & Menla Ali, Faek & Margaronis, Zannis & Nath, Rajat, 2018. "Modelling time varying volatility spillovers and conditional correlations across commodity metal futures," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 246-256.
    19. Bartosz Gębka & Michail Karoglou, 2013. "Is there life in the old dogs yet? Making break-tests work on financial contagion," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 40(3), pages 485-507, April.
    20. Michail Karoglou & Panicos Demetriades & Siong Law, 2011. "One date, one break?," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 41(1), pages 7-24, August.
    21. Mansour Khalili Araghi & Majid Mirzaee Ghazani, 2015. "Abrupt Changes in Volatility: Evidence from TEPIX Index in Tehran Stock Exchange," Iranian Economic Review (IER), Faculty of Economics,University of Tehran.Tehran,Iran, vol. 19(3), pages 377-393, Autumn.
    22. S Coleman & M Karoglou, 2010. "Monetary Variability and Monetary Variables in the Franc Zone," Economic Issues Journal Articles, Economic Issues, vol. 15(2), pages 17-48, September.
    23. Rakesh Bissoondeeal & Michail Karoglou & Andy Mullineux, 2014. "Breaks in the UK Household Sector Money Demand Function," Manchester School, University of Manchester, vol. 82, pages 47-68, December.

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