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The Impact of Unrealized Fair Value Adjustments on Dividend Policy

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  • Alexandros Sikalidis
  • Stergios Leventis

Abstract

We examine the impact of unrealized fair value adjustments on dividend policy. Dividend payouts should include only persistent income [Lintner, J. (1956). Distribution of incomes of corporations among dividends, retained earnings and taxes. American Economic Review, 46(2), 97–113]. In our institutional setting, however, regulators recommend the non-distribution of any income from fair value adjustments, which suggests that they interpret them as transitory. We empirically demonstrate that fair value adjustments on investment property are persistent, while those on financial securities are transitory. We further show that only fair value adjustments from investment properties are distributed. We argue that managers perceive the persistence of the two fair value components correctly, and by doing so, they distribute income consistent with the Lintner framework rather than on regulatory recommendations. Finally, by focusing on managerial optimism, debt contracting, and insider ownership, we demonstrate the conditions under which firms choose to deviate from regulator recommendations and to distribute fair value profits.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexandros Sikalidis & Stergios Leventis, 2017. "The Impact of Unrealized Fair Value Adjustments on Dividend Policy," European Accounting Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 26(2), pages 283-310, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:taf:euract:v:26:y:2017:i:2:p:283-310
    DOI: 10.1080/09638180.2016.1146153
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Andrea Enria & Lorenzo Cappiello & Frank Dierick & Sergio Grittini & Andrew Haralambous & Angela Maddaloni & Philippe Molitor & Fatima Pires & Paolo Poloni, 2004. "Fair value accounting and financial stability," Occasional Paper Series 13, European Central Bank.
    2. Enria, Andrea & Cappiello, Lorenzo & Dierick, Frank & Sergio, Grittini & Haralambous, Andrew & Maddaloni, Angela & Molitor, Philippe & Pires, Fatima & Poloni, Paolo, 2004. "Fair value accounting and financial stability," Occasional Paper Series 13, European Central Bank.
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    Cited by:

    1. Weetman, Pauline, 2018. "Financial reporting in Europe: Prospects for research," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 153-160.
    2. Sikalidis, Alexandros & Bozos, Konstantinos & Voulgaris, Georgios, 2023. "Asymmetric effects of fair value adjustments on dividend policy," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    3. Li Yu (Colly) He & Sue Wright & Elaine Evans, 2018. "Is fair value information relevant to investment decision-making: Evidence from the Australian agricultural sector?," Australian Journal of Management, Australian School of Business, vol. 43(4), pages 555-574, November.
    4. Alexandros Sikalidis & Konstantinos Bozos & Antonios Chantziaras & Christos Grose, 2022. "Influences of family ownership on dividend policy under mandatory dividend rules," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 59(3), pages 939-967, October.
    5. He, Liyu & Hsin-han Shen, Carl & Shiu, Cheng-Yi, 2022. "Is fair value information fairly priced? Evidence from IPOs in global capital markets✰," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).

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