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Influence of Hydropower Development on Flow Regime in the Zambezi River Basin for Different Scenarios of Environmental Flows

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  • T. Cohen Liechti
  • J. Matos
  • J.-L. Boillat
  • A. Schleiss

Abstract

As the need for energy is increasing, the challenges in the future are to operate existing large hydraulic schemes in more sustainable ways and to develop future water resources projects that are able to achieve a better balance between environmental and socio-economic demands. In this context, scenarios combining different levels of environmental requirements as well as hydropower developments were simulated at a daily time step with a hydraulic-hydrological model (the Soil and Water Assessment Tool) over the Zambezi River Basin. For each scenario, the hydropower operation rules, the mean annual energy produced and the firm powers were considered. The impact on the flow regime was characterized by a hydrological alteration indicator and Pardé coefficients. In the present state, the total mean annual energy production is about 30,000 GWh with a firm power of about 3,000 MW. The impact of the dams on the flow regime is low in the Kafue flats and the Zambezi delta and high in the Mana Pools. The new run-of-river hydropower plants aim to increase the mean energy production by more than 90 % and the firm power by about 40 %. Releasing e-flows can reduce the impact in the Kafue flats and in the Zambezi delta, with a loss of less than 10 % of mean annual energy production and about 15 % of the firm power at Itezhi-Tezhi and Cahora Bassa. This reveals that a compromise between energy production and environmental sustainability can be reached. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015

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  • T. Cohen Liechti & J. Matos & J.-L. Boillat & A. Schleiss, 2015. "Influence of Hydropower Development on Flow Regime in the Zambezi River Basin for Different Scenarios of Environmental Flows," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 29(3), pages 731-747, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:29:y:2015:i:3:p:731-747
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-014-0838-1
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    2. Erik Porse & Samuel Sandoval-Solis & Belize Lane, 2015. "Integrating Environmental Flows into Multi-Objective Reservoir Management for a Transboundary, Water-Scarce River Basin: Rio Grande/Bravo," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 29(8), pages 2471-2484, June.
    3. Kun Cheng & Qiang Fu & Xi Chen & Tianxiao Li & Qiuxiang Jiang & Xiaosong Ma & Ke Zhao, 2015. "Adaptive Allocation Modeling for a Complex System of Regional Water and Land Resources Based on Information Entropy and its Application," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 29(14), pages 4977-4993, November.
    4. Han-Chung Yang & Jian-Ping Suen & Shih-Kai Chou, 2016. "Estimating the Ungauged Natural Flow Regimes for Environmental Flow Management," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(13), pages 4571-4584, October.
    5. Jacob D. Petersen-Perlman, 2016. "Projecting River Basin Resilience in the Zambezi River Basin through Global Analyses and Basin Realities," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(6), pages 1987-2003, April.
    6. A. Palla & I. Gnecco & P. Barbera & M. Ivaldi & D. Caviglia, 2016. "An Integrated GIS Approach to Assess the Mini Hydropower Potential," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(9), pages 2979-2996, July.
    7. Cate Brown & Dirk Campher & Jackie King, 2020. "Status and trends in EFlows in southern Africa," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 44(1), pages 66-88, February.
    8. Yinghou Huang & Binbin Huang & Tianling Qin & Hanjiang Nie & Jianwei Wang & Xing Li & Zhenqian Shen, 2019. "Assessment of Hydrological Changes and Their Influence on the Aquatic Ecology over the last 58 Years in Ganjiang Basin, China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-19, September.
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    10. Pierre Razurel & Lorenzo Gorla & Benoît Crouzy & Paolo Perona, 2016. "Non-proportional Repartition Rules Optimize Environmental Flows and Energy Production," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(1), pages 207-223, January.

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