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Managing Saline Water Intrusion in the Lower Indus Basin Aquifer

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  • A. Chandio
  • T. Lee

Abstract

In view of the declining surface water sources for irrigated agriculture in Pakistan, farmers are compelled to extract groundwater in order provide to security against uncertain canal supplies during critical crop growth periods. However saline water intrusion can be a major hindrance to the sustainable groundwater development. Against this background, a study was conducted with a three dimensional finite element model (FEMGWST) based on the Galerkin weighted residual method being developed to simulate groundwater flow and the saline water intrusion from underlying poor quality aquifer in response to groundwater pumping through low capacity partially penetrated wells. The model was calibrated with field data collected in the district Khairpur of the Lower Indus Basin. The stability of the model for transient groundwater flow and solute transport against different time marching schemes were evaluated. This study showed that the explicit and the Crank-Nicolson time marching schemes developed the numerical oscillating, the global error and the convergence problem. The calibrated model was applied to predict the impacts of different well configurations on the pumped water quality and on the development of saline water mound at the bottom of the well. It was observed that the saline water intrusion into the fresh groundwater layer was directly related to the well discharge, pumping time and inversely to the thickness of fresh-saline water interface and the number of well strainers installed. The model results suggested that intermittent pumping through multi strainer wells could effectively be used to suppress the saline water intrusion. However multi strainers wells were found to induce saline water intrusion when the thickness of fresh-saline water interface was reduced to 4 m. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2012

Suggested Citation

  • A. Chandio & T. Lee, 2012. "Managing Saline Water Intrusion in the Lower Indus Basin Aquifer," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 26(6), pages 1555-1576, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:waterr:v:26:y:2012:i:6:p:1555-1576
    DOI: 10.1007/s11269-011-9972-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Asad Qureshi & Peter McCornick & A. Sarwar & Bharat Sharma, 2010. "Challenges and Prospects of Sustainable Groundwater Management in the Indus Basin, Pakistan," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 24(8), pages 1551-1569, June.
    2. Ana Iglesias & Luis Garrote & Francisco Flores & Marta Moneo, 2007. "Challenges to Manage the Risk of Water Scarcity and Climate Change in the Mediterranean," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 21(5), pages 775-788, May.
    3. Noor Zardari & Ian Cordery, 2009. "Water Productivity in a Rigid Irrigation Delivery System," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 23(6), pages 1025-1040, April.
    4. Qureshi, A.S. & McCornick, P.G. & Qadir, M. & Aslam, Z., 2008. "Managing salinity and waterlogging in the Indus Basin of Pakistan," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 95(1), pages 1-10, January.
    5. R. Rejani & Madan Jha & S. Panda & R. Mull, 2008. "Simulation Modeling for Efficient Groundwater Management in Balasore Coastal Basin, India," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 22(1), pages 23-50, January.
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