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Influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the water quality of the coastal waters around the South Andaman in the Bay of Bengal

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Listed:
  • Renjith VishnuRadhan
  • Divya David Thresyamma
  • Kamal Sarma
  • Grinson George
  • Prabhakar Shirodkar
  • Ponnumony Vethamony

Abstract

During the last decade, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (ANI) have witnessed a marginal population growth with associated variations and degradation in the water quality of the inhabited coastal region. Monthly water quality data collected from six coastal locations in ANI were used to evaluate the anthropogenic influence in an otherwise pristine island environment. Exceptionally low dissolved oxygen (0.7–2.0 mg/L) at the Phoenix Jetty (PJ) and mangrove site indicates hypoxic conditions. Among the nutrients, nitrate shows high values at PJ due to heavy nutrient loading from domestic sewage. The cluster analysis segregated PJ from the remaining sites, indicating deterioration in the water quality. On the other hand, water quality at Sippighat, a low-intensity aquaculture site, does not indicate any deterioration. Apart from the large modulations in the water quality of the study area by the Bay of Bengal waters, the effect of domestic waste discharges significantly affects the coastal waters of Andaman. Though the present water quality at most of the study sites appears acceptable, the increased volume of tourism and allied activities poses a potential threat to the island ecosystem. Besides the anthropogenic influences, the long-term trends in oceanographic factors were analyzed in order to decipher the expected natural effect on future water quality of the region. Based on the increasing sea surface temperature as well as the decreasing chlorophyll-a, eddy kinetic energy, and zonal kinetic energy, we propose that the combined effect of both natural and anthropogenic factors can ultimately distress the present ambient water quality of ANI. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015

Suggested Citation

  • Renjith VishnuRadhan & Divya David Thresyamma & Kamal Sarma & Grinson George & Prabhakar Shirodkar & Ponnumony Vethamony, 2015. "Influence of natural and anthropogenic factors on the water quality of the coastal waters around the South Andaman in the Bay of Bengal," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 78(1), pages 309-331, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:78:y:2015:i:1:p:309-331
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-015-1715-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Fernando P. Lima & David S. Wethey, 2012. "Three decades of high-resolution coastal sea surface temperatures reveal more than warming," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 3(1), pages 1-13, January.
    2. Naresh Kumar & B. Yadav & Ajit Tyagi & A. Jaswal, 2012. "Trend and spatial distribution of rainfall & rainy days over Andaman & Nicobar Islands," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 63(2), pages 575-587, September.
    3. Fearnside, Philip M., 2001. "Land-Tenure Issues as Factors in Environmental Destruction in Brazilian Amazonia: The Case of Southern Para," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 29(8), pages 1361-1372, August.
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