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An Australian convective wind gust climatology using Bayesian hierarchical modelling

Author

Listed:
  • Alessio C. Spassiani

    (The University of Queensland
    Climate Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada)

  • Matthew S. Mason

    (The University of Queensland)

  • Vincent Y. S. Cheng

    (Climate Research Division, Science and Technology Branch, Environment and Climate Change Canada)

Abstract

To quantify the hazard or risks associated with severe convective wind gusts, it is necessary to have a reliable and spatially complete climatology of these events. The coupling of observational and global reanalysis (ERA-Interim) data over the period 2005–2015 is used here to facilitate the development of a spatially complete convective wind gust climatology for Australia. This is done through the development of Bayesian Hierarchical models that use both weather station-based wind gust observations and seasonally averaged severe weather indices (SWI), calculated using reanalysis data, to estimate seasonal gust frequencies across the country while correcting for observational biases specifically, the sparse observational network to record events. Different SWI combinations were found to explain event counts for different seasons. For example, combinations of Lifted Index and low level wind shear were found to generate the best results for autumn and winter. While for spring and summer, the composite Microburst Index and the combination of most unstable CAPE and 0–1 km wind shear were found to be most successful. Results from these models showed a minimum in event counts during the winter months, with events that do occur mainly doing so along the southwest coast of Western Australia or along the coasts of Tasmania and Victoria. Summer is shown to have the largest event counts across the country, with the largest number of gusts occurring in northern Western Australia extending east into the Northern Territory with another maximum over northeast New South Wales. Similar trends were found with an extended application of the models to the period 1979–2015 when utilizing only reanalysis data as input. This implementation of the models highlights the versatility of the Bayesian hierarchical modelling approach and its ability, when trained, to be used in the absence of observations.

Suggested Citation

  • Alessio C. Spassiani & Matthew S. Mason & Vincent Y. S. Cheng, 2023. "An Australian convective wind gust climatology using Bayesian hierarchical modelling," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 118(3), pages 2037-2067, September.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:nathaz:v:118:y:2023:i:3:d:10.1007_s11069-023-06078-8
    DOI: 10.1007/s11069-023-06078-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Vincent Y. S. Cheng & George B. Arhonditsis & David M. L. Sills & William A. Gough & Heather Auld, 2015. "Erratum: A Bayesian modelling framework for tornado occurrences in North America," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-1, November.
    2. Chi-Hsiang Wang & Xiaoming Wang & Yong Khoo, 2013. "Extreme wind gust hazard in Australia and its sensitivity to climate change," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 67(2), pages 549-567, June.
    3. Vincent Y.S. Cheng & George B. Arhonditsis & David M.L. Sills & William A. Gough & Heather Auld, 2015. "A Bayesian modelling framework for tornado occurrences in North America," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-12, May.
    4. James B Elsner & Thomas H Jagger & Tyler Fricker, 2016. "Statistical Models for Tornado Climatology: Long and Short-Term Views," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(11), pages 1-20, November.
    5. Arhonditsis, George B. & Qian, Song S. & Stow, Craig A. & Lamon, E. Conrad & Reckhow, Kenneth H., 2007. "Eutrophication risk assessment using Bayesian calibration of process-based models: Application to a mesotrophic lake," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 208(2), pages 215-229.
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