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Algorithms for nonnegative matrix and tensor factorizations: a unified view based on block coordinate descent framework

Author

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  • Jingu Kim
  • Yunlong He
  • Haesun Park

Abstract

We review algorithms developed for nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) and nonnegative tensor factorization (NTF) from a unified view based on the block coordinate descent (BCD) framework. NMF and NTF are low-rank approximation methods for matrices and tensors in which the low-rank factors are constrained to have only nonnegative elements. The nonnegativity constraints have been shown to enable natural interpretations and allow better solutions in numerous applications including text analysis, computer vision, and bioinformatics. However, the computation of NMF and NTF remains challenging and expensive due the constraints. Numerous algorithmic approaches have been proposed to efficiently compute NMF and NTF. The BCD framework in constrained non-linear optimization readily explains the theoretical convergence properties of several efficient NMF and NTF algorithms, which are consistent with experimental observations reported in literature. In addition, we discuss algorithms that do not fit in the BCD framework contrasting them from those based on the BCD framework. With insights acquired from the unified perspective, we also propose efficient algorithms for updating NMF when there is a small change in the reduced dimension or in the data. The effectiveness of the proposed updating algorithms are validated experimentally with synthetic and real-world data sets. Copyright The Author(s) 2014

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  • Jingu Kim & Yunlong He & Haesun Park, 2014. "Algorithms for nonnegative matrix and tensor factorizations: a unified view based on block coordinate descent framework," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 58(2), pages 285-319, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:spr:jglopt:v:58:y:2014:i:2:p:285-319
    DOI: 10.1007/s10898-013-0035-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. GILLIS, Nicolas & GLINEUR, François, 2008. "Nonnegative factorization and the maximum edge biclique problem," LIDAM Discussion Papers CORE 2008064, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
    2. GILLIS, Nicolas & GLINEUR, François, 2011. "Accelerated multiplicative updates and hierarchical als algorithms for nonnegative matrix factorization," LIDAM Discussion Papers CORE 2011030, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
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    7. GILLIS, Nicolas & GLINEUR, François, 2010. "A multilevel approach for nonnegative matrix factorization," LIDAM Discussion Papers CORE 2010047, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
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    Cited by:

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    2. Gillis, Nicolas & Glineur, François & Tuyttens, Daniel & Vandaele, Arnaud, 2015. "Heuristics for exact nonnegative matrix factorization," LIDAM Discussion Papers CORE 2015006, Université catholique de Louvain, Center for Operations Research and Econometrics (CORE).
    3. Rundong Du & Barry Drake & Haesun Park, 2019. "Hybrid clustering based on content and connection structure using joint nonnegative matrix factorization," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 74(4), pages 861-877, August.
    4. Norikazu Takahashi & Jiro Katayama & Masato Seki & Jun’ichi Takeuchi, 2018. "A unified global convergence analysis of multiplicative update rules for nonnegative matrix factorization," Computational Optimization and Applications, Springer, vol. 71(1), pages 221-250, September.
    5. Rundong Du & Da Kuang & Barry Drake & Haesun Park, 2017. "DC-NMF: nonnegative matrix factorization based on divide-and-conquer for fast clustering and topic modeling," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 68(4), pages 777-798, August.
    6. Flavia Esposito, 2021. "A Review on Initialization Methods for Nonnegative Matrix Factorization: Towards Omics Data Experiments," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(9), pages 1-17, April.
    7. Johannes Friedrich & Weijian Yang & Daniel Soudry & Yu Mu & Misha B Ahrens & Rafael Yuste & Darcy S Peterka & Liam Paninski, 2017. "Multi-scale approaches for high-speed imaging and analysis of large neural populations," PLOS Computational Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(8), pages 1-24, August.
    8. Takehiro Sano & Tsuyoshi Migita & Norikazu Takahashi, 2022. "A novel update rule of HALS algorithm for nonnegative matrix factorization and Zangwill’s global convergence," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 84(3), pages 755-781, November.
    9. Srinivas Eswar & Ramakrishnan Kannan & Richard Vuduc & Haesun Park, 2021. "ORCA: Outlier detection and Robust Clustering for Attributed graphs," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 81(4), pages 967-989, December.
    10. Yang Qi, 2018. "A Very Brief Introduction to Nonnegative Tensors from the Geometric Viewpoint," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 6(11), pages 1-19, October.
    11. April R. Kriebel & Joshua D. Welch, 2022. "UINMF performs mosaic integration of single-cell multi-omic datasets using nonnegative matrix factorization," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-17, December.
    12. Andrej Čopar & Blaž Zupan & Marinka Zitnik, 2019. "Fast optimization of non-negative matrix tri-factorization," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(6), pages 1-15, June.
    13. Duy Khuong Nguyen & Tu Bao Ho, 2017. "Accelerated parallel and distributed algorithm using limited internal memory for nonnegative matrix factorization," Journal of Global Optimization, Springer, vol. 68(2), pages 307-328, June.

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