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Parental Warmth and Involvement and the Self-Esteem of Young People in Hong Kong

Author

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  • Mary Tien Wei Leung Ling

    (City University of Hong Kong)

  • Hui Fang Chen

    (City University of Hong Kong)

  • Kace Chun Ning Chiu

    (Center for Life and Ethics Study, Society for Truth and Light)

Abstract

Self-esteem has been found to correlate with young people’s mental health and overall success. The present study explored the relationship between children’s perceived maternal and paternal warmth and involvement and their self-esteem. The data were drawn from 3100 primary and secondary students from 12 schools in Hong Kong. The results showed that maternal warmth had the strongest relation with self-esteem in both male and female children. Further analyses revealed that maternal warmth and involvement and paternal warmth in parent–child relationships could be used to predict female children’s self-esteem. For male students, it was found that maternal warmth and paternal warmth could be used to predict self-esteem. The implications of these results are discussed herein with respect to Hong Kong’s local context with reference to the policies for families. Specific implications regarding the link to children’s self-esteem with various factors of father–son, father–daughter, mother–son and mother–daughter relationships are also discussed. Finally, recommendations and conclusions are drawn in light of the findings.

Suggested Citation

  • Mary Tien Wei Leung Ling & Hui Fang Chen & Kace Chun Ning Chiu, 2020. "Parental Warmth and Involvement and the Self-Esteem of Young People in Hong Kong," Child Indicators Research, Springer;The International Society of Child Indicators (ISCI), vol. 13(3), pages 801-817, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:chinre:v:13:y:2020:i:3:d:10.1007_s12187-019-09645-3
    DOI: 10.1007/s12187-019-09645-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kathleen Harris & Frank Furstenberg & Jeremy Marmer, 1998. "Paternal involvement with adolescents in intact families: The influence of fathers over the life course," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 35(2), pages 201-216, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yang, Jiaping & Wu, Qiulian & Zhou, Jianhua & Huebner, E. Scott & Tian, Lili, 2022. "Transactional processes among perceived parental warmth, positivity, and depressive symptoms from middle childhood to early adolescence: Disentangling between- and within-person associations," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    2. Parminder Parmar & Laura Nathans, 2022. "Parental Warmth and Parent Involvement: Their Relationships to Academic Achievement and Behavior Problems in School and Related Gender Effects," Societies, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-20, November.
    3. Park, So-Young & Lee, Jungup & Cheah, Charissa S.L., 2021. "The long-term effects of perceived parental control and warmth on self-esteem and depressive symptoms among Asian American youth," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 126(C).

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