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Перекрестное Субсидирование Как Мера Социальной Поддержки Населения: Международный Опыт Государственного Управления На Рынке Электроэнергии И Мощности

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  • Стародубцева А. Е.

Abstract

Перекрестное субсидирование рассматривается государством как мера социальной поддержки населения, но, в то же время, приводит к некоторым негативным последствиям, включая распределение большей части субсидий домохозяйствам с высокими доходами и повышение издержек бизнеса, которые закладываются в себестоимость товаров и услуг. В статье рассматривается международный опыт применения перекрестного субсидирования в электроэнергетике между промышленными потребителями и населением как меры государственной энергетической политики, а также подходы к его сокращению. Анализ тарифов на электроэнергию и мер зарубежной энергетической политики проводился на основании статистических данных, маркетинговых отчетов и аналитических обзоров рынка базы Passport и показателей Федеральной службы государственной статистики, а также на основании публикаций в средствах массовой информации по рассматриваемой проблеме. В результате исследования было установлено, что в большинстве стран тарифы для промышленных потребителей ниже, чем для населения, в два и более раз. Кроме того, для развитых стран в большей степени характерны рыночные механизмы тарифообразования, в то время как для развивающихся стран, в которых государство играет решающую роль в экономике, происходит искусственное сдерживание роста тарифов для населения. Проведенное исследование позволило сделать выводы о том, что только мерами тарифной политики невозможно эффективно разрешить существующие проблемы перекрестного субсидирования в электроэнергетике. Необходимо применение более широкого спектра интегрированных между собой социальных и экономических мер регулирования из смежных областей государственного управления.

Suggested Citation

  • Стародубцева А. Е., 2020. "Перекрестное Субсидирование Как Мера Социальной Поддержки Населения: Международный Опыт Государственного Управления На Рынке Электроэнергии И Мощности," Вопросы государственного и муниципального управления // Public administration issues, НИУ ВШЭ, issue 2, pages 114-144.
    • Handle: RePEc:scn:vgmu00:2020:i:2:p:114-144
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