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Модели оценки рисков деятельности компаний, реализующих проекты с НИОКР // Risk Assessment Models of the Companies Implementing R&D Projects

Author

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  • V. Minasyan В.

    (Higher School of Finance and Management Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration)

  • В. Минасян Б.

    (Высшая школа финансов и менеджмента РАНХиГС при Президенте РФ)

Abstract

Companies implementing R&D projects face their unique features. There is the need for large capital investments, long-term implementation, high growth potential, low probability of success, and diffculties in fnancing among them. Implementation of such projects is associated with high risks. This leads to underfunding as uncertain results deter investors. The problem of assessing the risks arising from the implementation of such projects has not yet been suffciently studied at the level of mathematical analysis models. The objective of the article is to develop a model allowing to explore the risks arising from implementing R&D projects. The author has developed a risk assessment model using the VaR measure modifed for this application. The formulas have been obtained to calculate this measure. They have been adjusted to simple analytical expressions assuming the balanced distribution of cash flow from the project, or triangular distribution. The model considers the most important causes of risks in R&D projects. It can be used in a real-case scenario if a preliminary risk assessment of a project is done before its implementation and a decision is made on risk-based implementation. Moreover, this methodology can be used to standardize the decision-making process for the R&D projects implementation considering the “risk appetite” using the VaR risk measure. Компании, реализующие проекты с НИОКР (R&D), сталкиваются с их уникальными особенностями. Среди них: необходимость больших капитальных вложений, длительный срок реализации, высокий потенциал роста, низкая вероятность успеха, трудности с финансированием. Реализация подобных проектов связана с большими рисками. Это приводит к их недофинансированию, так как неопределенность результатов отпугивает инвесторов. Проблема оценки рисков, возникающих при реализации таких проектов, на уровне математических моделей анализа пока недостаточно исследована. Цель статьи — разработка модели, позволяющей исследовать риски, возникающие при реализации компаниями проектов с НИОКР (R&D). Автором разработана модель для оценки подобных рисков при помощи модифицированной для данного применения меры VaR. Получены формулы для расчета данной меры. Они доведены до простых аналитических выражений в предположениях равномерного распределения денежного потока от проекта, или треугольного распределения. Построенная модель учитывает важнейшие причины возникновения рисков в проектах с R&D. Ее можно использовать на практике при предварительной оценке риска проекта еще до его реализации и принятия решения о реализации с учетом риска. Кроме того, данную методику можно использовать и для стандартизации процесса принятия решения о реализации проектов с R&D c учетом «аппетита к риску» с применением меры риска VaR.

Suggested Citation

  • V. Minasyan В. & В. Минасян Б., 2019. "Модели оценки рисков деятельности компаний, реализующих проекты с НИОКР // Risk Assessment Models of the Companies Implementing R&D Projects," Финансы: теория и практика/Finance: Theory and Practice // Finance: Theory and Practice, ФГОБУВО Финансовый университет при Правительстве Российской Федерации // Financial University under The Government of Russian Federation, vol. 23(1), pages 133-146.
  • Handle: RePEc:scn:financ:y:2019:i:1:p:133-146
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Hall, Bronwyn H. & Lerner, Josh, 2010. "The Financing of R&D and Innovation," Handbook of the Economics of Innovation, in: Bronwyn H. Hall & Nathan Rosenberg (ed.), Handbook of the Economics of Innovation, edition 1, volume 1, chapter 0, pages 609-639, Elsevier.
    2. Richard T. Thakor & Andrew W. Lo, 2017. "Optimal Financing for R&D-Intensive Firms," NBER Working Papers 23831, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
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