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Managerial Technique and Worker Subjectivity in Dialogue: Understanding Overwork in China’s Internet Industry

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  • Xiaotian Li

Abstract

The article theorises three different organisational processes that uniquely organise and normalise overwork in China’s Internet industry: coercive formalised overtime schedule, normative informal overtime culture, and disguised work-related time expenditure, work-for-labour. It reveals the ‘double flexibility’ in management strategy, namely, flexible, combined use of coercive and normative control techniques inside the company in addition to its pursuit of flexibility in employment relationships. It then theorises the pendulum movement of worker subjectivity between the ‘self-as-business’ metaphor, which justifies market competition as meritocracy and encourages individuals to polish ‘employability’ in overwork efficiently, and ‘self-as-property’ metaphor, which reflects a conventional, Marxist understanding of employment relationships. The pendulum movement is manifested in the spectrum of workplace behaviours, ranging from the individualised psychological distancing to the collective noncompliance and online activism. The article provides a dynamic understanding of labour relations through the management-labour dialogue in the Chinese Internet industry.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiaotian Li, 2023. "Managerial Technique and Worker Subjectivity in Dialogue: Understanding Overwork in China’s Internet Industry," Work, Employment & Society, British Sociological Association, vol. 37(6), pages 1699-1716, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:woemps:v:37:y:2023:i:6:p:1699-1716
    DOI: 10.1177/09500170221092585
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Colin Hawes & Eng Chew, 2011. "The cultural transformation of large Chinese enterprises into internationally competitive corporations: case studies of Haier and Huawei," Journal of Chinese Economic and Business Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 9(1), pages 67-83.
    2. Paul Thompson & Diane van den Broek, 2010. "Managerial control and workplace regimes: an introduction," Work, Employment & Society, British Sociological Association, vol. 24(3), pages 1-12, September.
    3. Chris Smith, 2006. "The double indeterminacy of labour power," Work, Employment & Society, British Sociological Association, vol. 20(2), pages 389-402, June.
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