IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/sagope/v5y2015i2p2158244015579727.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Cross-Cultural Leadership

Author

Listed:
  • Inga Minelgaite Snaebjornsson
  • Ingi Runar Edvardsson
  • Vilma Zydziunaite
  • Vlad Vaiman

Abstract

Ongoing low participation of women in global leadership calls for more research in this field. In this article, we set out to include gendered expectations toward leader behavior as part of cross-cultural leadership theory. Building on an existing body of research, we focus on propositions about the effects of gendered expectations on the leader, from the followers’ standpoint. The consideration of gendered effects from the follower standpoint is an under-researched area in leadership literature, and it is even more rarely to be found in empirical data. In every culture, there are certain expectations toward leaders of the two genders that influence their behavior. In this article, we will attempt to answer the following question: How does perceived leader behavior and gendered behavior relate to national culture and actual leader behavior? We present a conceptual model that seeks to incorporate gendered expectations into cross-cultural leadership as an answer. Moreover, we provide a conceptual guideline toward operationalization of the model. The model includes the potential of dissonance between male expectations as a dominating leadership role and female leadership. This might serve as an explanation as to why in some cases women are not seen as successful as men when they adopt a masculine leadership style. The article seeks to advance cross-cultural leadership theory by focusing on expected gendered leadership behavior. Our ideas and model could eventually contribute to the advancement of leadership theory, as well as contributing to gender studies, cross-cultural leadership, and business communication.

Suggested Citation

  • Inga Minelgaite Snaebjornsson & Ingi Runar Edvardsson & Vilma Zydziunaite & Vlad Vaiman, 2015. "Cross-Cultural Leadership," SAGE Open, , vol. 5(2), pages 21582440155, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:5:y:2015:i:2:p:2158244015579727
    DOI: 10.1177/2158244015579727
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2158244015579727
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/2158244015579727?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Joyce K. Fletcher, 2001. "Disappearing Acts: Gender, Power, and Relational Practice at Work," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262561409, December.
    2. Scott, Kristyn A. & Brown, Douglas J., 2006. "Female first, leader second? Gender bias in the encoding of leadership behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 101(2), pages 230-242, November.
    3. Dorfman, Peter & Javidan, Mansour & Hanges, Paul & Dastmalchian, Ali & House, Robert, 2012. "GLOBE: A twenty year journey into the intriguing world of culture and leadership," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 47(4), pages 504-518.
    4. Lori D Paris & Jon P Howell & Peter W Dorfman & Paul J Hanges, 2009. "Preferred leadership prototypes of male and female leaders in 27 countries," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 40(8), pages 1396-1405, October.
    5. P Christopher Earley, 2006. "Leading cultural research in the future: a matter of paradigms and taste," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 37(6), pages 922-931, November.
    6. Roya Ayman & Alan D. Mead & Afshin Bassari & Jialin Huang, 2012. "Implicit Leadership in Iran: Differences between Leader and Boss and Gender," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Sharon Turnbull & Peter Case & Gareth Edwards & Doris Schedlitzki & Peter Simpson (ed.), Worldly Leadership, chapter 8, pages 135-157, Palgrave Macmillan.
    7. Yueh-Shian Lee & Weng-Kun Liu, 2012. "Leadership Behaviors and Culture Dimensions in the Financial Industry," Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 2(2), pages 1-2.
    8. Smith, Peter B. & Andersen, Jon Aarum & Ekelund, Bjørn & Graversen, Gert & Ropo, Arja, 2003. "In search of Nordic management styles," Scandinavian Journal of Management, Elsevier, vol. 19(4), pages 491-507, December.
    9. Dickson, Marcus W. & Castaño, Nathalie & Magomaeva, Asiyat & Den Hartog, Deanne N., 2012. "Conceptualizing leadership across cultures," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 47(4), pages 483-492.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Cater, Tomaz & Lang, Rainhart & Szabo, Erna, 2013. "Values and leadership expectations of future managers: Theoretical basis and methodological approach of the GLOBE Student project," Journal of East European Management Studies, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, vol. 18(4), pages 442-462.
    2. Cristina López-Duarte & Marta M. Vidal-Suárez & Belén González-Díaz, 2019. "Cross-national distance and international business: an analysis of the most influential recent models," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 121(1), pages 173-208, October.
    3. Flatten, Tessa & Adams, Daniel & Brettel, Malte, 2015. "Fostering absorptive capacity through leadership: A cross-cultural analysis," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 50(3), pages 519-534.
    4. Lang, Rainhart & Szabo, Erna & Catana, Gheorghe Alexandru & Konecna, Zdenka & Skálová, Petra & Krzykala-Schaefer, Renata, 2013. "How future managers view societal culture: A comparison across seven CEE countries," Journal of East European Management Studies, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, vol. 18(4), pages 482-511.
    5. Inga Minelgaite Snaebjornsson & Ingi Runar Edvardsson & Romie F. Littrell, 2017. "Societal Culture in Iceland and Lithuania: Managerial Implications," SAGE Open, , vol. 7(2), pages 21582440177, April.
    6. Bird, Allan & Mendenhall, Mark E., 2016. "From cross-cultural management to global leadership: Evolution and adaptation," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 51(1), pages 115-126.
    7. Castaño, Nathalie & Sully de Luque, Mary F. & Wernsing, Tara & Ogliastri, Enrique & Shemueli, Rachel Gabel & Fuchs, Rosa María & Robles-Flores, José Antonio, 2015. "El Jefe: Differences in expected leadership behaviors across Latin American countries," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 50(3), pages 584-597.
    8. Gaganis, Chrysovalantis & Leledakis, George N. & Pasiouras, Fotios & Pyrgiotakis, Emmanouil G., 2024. "Heroes or Villains? Culturally endorsed charismatic leadership style and stock price crash risk," MPRA Paper 122898, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Alexandrina Cristina VASILE & Luminița NICOLESCU, 2016. "Knowledge In Learning Companies," SEA - Practical Application of Science, Romanian Foundation for Business Intelligence, Editorial Department, issue 10, pages 41-49, April.
    10. Yongjun Tang & Qi Li & Fen Zhou & Mingjia Sun, 2024. "Does Clan Culture Promote Corporate Natural Resource Disclosure? Evidence from Chinese Natural Resource-Based Listed Companies," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 192(1), pages 167-190, June.
    11. Alabi-Sessou Omobonike Adeola, 2022. "Exploring the Implication of Gender Balance and the Factors Affecting Women’s Attainment to Top Leadership Positions in Organization," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 6(4), pages 348-358, April.
    12. André, Kévin, 2013. "Why Should Business Education Care About Care? Toward an Educare Perspective," ESSEC Working Papers WP1315, ESSEC Research Center, ESSEC Business School.
    13. Gaffney, Nolan & Cooper, Danielle & Kedia, Ben & Clampit, Jack, 2014. "Institutional transitions, global mindset, and EMNE internationalization," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 383-391.
    14. Lacoste, Sylvie & Zidani, Kenza & Cuevas, Javier Marcos, 2022. "Lateral collaboration and boundary-spanning from a global leadership perspective: The case of global account managers," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 57(3).
    15. Aaron Saiewitz & Elaine (Ying) Wang, 2020. "Using Cultural Mindsets to Reduce Cross‐National Auditor Judgment Differences," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 37(3), pages 1854-1881, September.
    16. de Wit, Juliette & Beugelsdijk, Sjoerd, 2024. "Reconciling the individual and societal level in comparative cultural analysis: An archetypal analysis of values and norms across 76 countries," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1483, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    17. Islam Shainima & Hari Pramono & Suliyanto Suliyanto & Setyanto Refius & Suroso Agus & Bahauddin Khalid Md. & Iftakhar Nayma, 2024. "Transformational Leadership in Indonesian Diversified-Cultural SME Sector: An Investigation of the Settlement Criteria of Job Performance," Studia Universitatis „Vasile Goldis” Arad – Economics Series, Sciendo, vol. 34(3), pages 79-107.
    18. Jennifer Y. Kim & Alyson Meister, 2023. "Microaggressions, Interrupted: The Experience and Effects of Gender Microaggressions for Women in STEM," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 185(3), pages 513-531, July.
    19. Robert D. Costigan & Richard Insinga & J. Jason Berman & Grazyna Kranas & Vladimir A. Kureshov, 2013. "The significance of direct-leader and co-worker trust on turnover intentions: A cross-cultural study," Journal of Trust Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 3(2), pages 98-124, October.
    20. Xanthippe Adamoglou & Dimitris Kyrkilis, 2020. "MNEs Entry Strategies through a Distance Framework: A New Perspective," SPOUDAI Journal of Economics and Business, SPOUDAI Journal of Economics and Business, University of Piraeus, vol. 70(3-4), pages 83-105, July-Dece.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:5:y:2015:i:2:p:2158244015579727. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.