IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/sagope/v5y2015i2p2158244015579727.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Cross-Cultural Leadership

Author

Listed:
  • Inga Minelgaite Snaebjornsson
  • Ingi Runar Edvardsson
  • Vilma Zydziunaite
  • Vlad Vaiman

Abstract

Ongoing low participation of women in global leadership calls for more research in this field. In this article, we set out to include gendered expectations toward leader behavior as part of cross-cultural leadership theory. Building on an existing body of research, we focus on propositions about the effects of gendered expectations on the leader, from the followers’ standpoint. The consideration of gendered effects from the follower standpoint is an under-researched area in leadership literature, and it is even more rarely to be found in empirical data. In every culture, there are certain expectations toward leaders of the two genders that influence their behavior. In this article, we will attempt to answer the following question: How does perceived leader behavior and gendered behavior relate to national culture and actual leader behavior? We present a conceptual model that seeks to incorporate gendered expectations into cross-cultural leadership as an answer. Moreover, we provide a conceptual guideline toward operationalization of the model. The model includes the potential of dissonance between male expectations as a dominating leadership role and female leadership. This might serve as an explanation as to why in some cases women are not seen as successful as men when they adopt a masculine leadership style. The article seeks to advance cross-cultural leadership theory by focusing on expected gendered leadership behavior. Our ideas and model could eventually contribute to the advancement of leadership theory, as well as contributing to gender studies, cross-cultural leadership, and business communication.

Suggested Citation

  • Inga Minelgaite Snaebjornsson & Ingi Runar Edvardsson & Vilma Zydziunaite & Vlad Vaiman, 2015. "Cross-Cultural Leadership," SAGE Open, , vol. 5(2), pages 21582440155, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:5:y:2015:i:2:p:2158244015579727
    DOI: 10.1177/2158244015579727
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2158244015579727
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/2158244015579727?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lori D Paris & Jon P Howell & Peter W Dorfman & Paul J Hanges, 2009. "Preferred leadership prototypes of male and female leaders in 27 countries," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 40(8), pages 1396-1405, October.
    2. P Christopher Earley, 2006. "Leading cultural research in the future: a matter of paradigms and taste," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 37(6), pages 922-931, November.
    3. Joyce K. Fletcher, 2001. "Disappearing Acts: Gender, Power, and Relational Practice at Work," MIT Press Books, The MIT Press, edition 1, volume 1, number 0262561409, December.
    4. Roya Ayman & Alan D. Mead & Afshin Bassari & Jialin Huang, 2012. "Implicit Leadership in Iran: Differences between Leader and Boss and Gender," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Sharon Turnbull & Peter Case & Gareth Edwards & Doris Schedlitzki & Peter Simpson (ed.), Worldly Leadership, chapter 8, pages 135-157, Palgrave Macmillan.
    5. Yueh-Shian Lee & Weng-Kun Liu, 2012. "Leadership Behaviors and Culture Dimensions in the Financial Industry," Journal of Applied Finance & Banking, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 2(2), pages 1-2.
    6. Smith, Peter B. & Andersen, Jon Aarum & Ekelund, Bjørn & Graversen, Gert & Ropo, Arja, 2003. "In search of Nordic management styles," Scandinavian Journal of Management, Elsevier, vol. 19(4), pages 491-507, December.
    7. Dickson, Marcus W. & Castaño, Nathalie & Magomaeva, Asiyat & Den Hartog, Deanne N., 2012. "Conceptualizing leadership across cultures," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 47(4), pages 483-492.
    8. Scott, Kristyn A. & Brown, Douglas J., 2006. "Female first, leader second? Gender bias in the encoding of leadership behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 101(2), pages 230-242, November.
    9. Dorfman, Peter & Javidan, Mansour & Hanges, Paul & Dastmalchian, Ali & House, Robert, 2012. "GLOBE: A twenty year journey into the intriguing world of culture and leadership," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 47(4), pages 504-518.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Cater, Tomaz & Lang, Rainhart & Szabo, Erna, 2013. "Values and leadership expectations of future managers: Theoretical basis and methodological approach of the GLOBE Student project," Journal of East European Management Studies, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, vol. 18(4), pages 442-462.
    2. Flatten, Tessa & Adams, Daniel & Brettel, Malte, 2015. "Fostering absorptive capacity through leadership: A cross-cultural analysis," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 50(3), pages 519-534.
    3. Cristina López-Duarte & Marta M. Vidal-Suárez & Belén González-Díaz, 2019. "Cross-national distance and international business: an analysis of the most influential recent models," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 121(1), pages 173-208, October.
    4. Lang, Rainhart & Szabo, Erna & Catana, Gheorghe Alexandru & Konecna, Zdenka & Skálová, Petra & Krzykala-Schaefer, Renata, 2013. "How future managers view societal culture: A comparison across seven CEE countries," Journal of East European Management Studies, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, vol. 18(4), pages 482-511.
    5. Inga Minelgaite Snaebjornsson & Ingi Runar Edvardsson & Romie F. Littrell, 2017. "Societal Culture in Iceland and Lithuania: Managerial Implications," SAGE Open, , vol. 7(2), pages 21582440177, April.
    6. Bird, Allan & Mendenhall, Mark E., 2016. "From cross-cultural management to global leadership: Evolution and adaptation," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 51(1), pages 115-126.
    7. Castaño, Nathalie & Sully de Luque, Mary F. & Wernsing, Tara & Ogliastri, Enrique & Shemueli, Rachel Gabel & Fuchs, Rosa María & Robles-Flores, José Antonio, 2015. "El Jefe: Differences in expected leadership behaviors across Latin American countries," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 50(3), pages 584-597.
    8. Alabi-Sessou Omobonike Adeola, 2022. "Exploring the Implication of Gender Balance and the Factors Affecting Women’s Attainment to Top Leadership Positions in Organization," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 6(4), pages 348-358, April.
    9. André, Kévin, 2013. "Why Should Business Education Care About Care? Toward an Educare Perspective," ESSEC Working Papers WP1315, ESSEC Research Center, ESSEC Business School.
    10. Xanthippe Adamoglou & Dimitris Kyrkilis, 2020. "MNEs Entry Strategies through a Distance Framework: A New Perspective," SPOUDAI Journal of Economics and Business, SPOUDAI Journal of Economics and Business, University of Piraeus, vol. 70(3-4), pages 83-105, July-Dece.
    11. Uzuegbunam, Ikenna & Geringer, J. Michael, 2021. "Culture, connectedness, and international adoption of disruptive innovation," Journal of International Management, Elsevier, vol. 27(1).
    12. Jacob Lyngsie & Nicolai J. Foss, 2017. "The more, the merrier? Women in top‐management teams and entrepreneurship in established firms," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 38(3), pages 487-505, March.
    13. Robert Dur & Ola Kvaløy & Anja Schöttner, 2022. "Leadership Styles and Labor Market Conditions," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 68(4), pages 3150-3168, April.
    14. Ruthanne Huising & Susan S. Silbey, 2011. "Governing the gap: Forging safe science through relational regulation," Regulation & Governance, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 5(1), pages 14-42, March.
    15. Alison Pullen & Sheena J. Vachhani, 2021. "Feminist Ethics and Women Leaders: From Difference to Intercorporeality," Journal of Business Ethics, Springer, vol. 173(2), pages 233-243, October.
    16. Lavezzolo, Sebastián & Rodríguez-Lluesma, Carlos & Elvira, Marta M., 2018. "National culture and financial systems: The conditioning role of political context," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 60-72.
    17. Chevrier, Sylvie & Viegas-Pires, Michaël, 2013. "Delegating effectively across cultures," Journal of World Business, Elsevier, vol. 48(3), pages 431-439.
    18. Zaid Ahmad & Nauman Azam & Yasir Nasir & Usman Khan, 2021. "Impact Of Gender Differences On Leadership: An Investigation Of Moderating Impact Of Gender-Based Biasness," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 10(4), pages 151-166, December.
    19. Martina Mc Donnell & Chantal Morley, 2010. "Beyond a gendered model of leadership in higher education in France," Post-Print hal-02442488, HAL.
    20. de Jong, Gjalt & van Dut, Vo & Jindra, Björn & Marek, Philipp, 2015. "Does country context distance determine subsidiary decision-making autonomy? Theory and evidence from European transition economies," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 24(5), pages 874-889.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:5:y:2015:i:2:p:2158244015579727. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.