IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/sae/sagope/v12y2022i1p21582440221079622.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Covid-19 Risk Perception of Travel Destination Development and Validation of a Scale

Author

Listed:
  • Khansa Zaman
  • Sajid Bashir
  • Zahra Afaq
  • Naimah Khan

Abstract

Although traveler risk perception is a widely used term in the hospitality and tourism literature, the pandemic related risk perception of tourist destination lacks a clear conceptualization and measurement. This study develops and validates a six item scale to measure Covid-19 risk perception of travel destinations. The scale is developed using multiple data collection methods including interviews, focus group, and survey questionnaires. The exploratory stage involved in-depth interviews and the subsequent quantitative stage gathered data through a survey questionnaire. The scale offers a framework for future empirical research on Covid-19 risk perception that will shape tourism decisions in years to come. Implications for hospitality industry and limitations are also discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Khansa Zaman & Sajid Bashir & Zahra Afaq & Naimah Khan, 2022. "Covid-19 Risk Perception of Travel Destination Development and Validation of a Scale," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(1), pages 21582440221, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:12:y:2022:i:1:p:21582440221079622
    DOI: 10.1177/21582440221079622
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/21582440221079622
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1177/21582440221079622?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Liu, Bingjie & Pennington-Gray, Lori, 2015. "Bed bugs bite the hospitality industry? A framing analysis of bed bug news coverage," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 48(C), pages 33-42.
    2. Smith, Richard D., 2006. "Responding to global infectious disease outbreaks: Lessons from SARS on the role of risk perception, communication and management," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(12), pages 3113-3123, December.
    3. Fangnan Cui & Yaolong Liu & Yuanyuan Chang & Jin Duan & Jizu Li, 2016. "An overview of tourism risk perception," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 82(1), pages 643-658, May.
    4. Boksberger, Philipp E. & Bieger, Thomas & Laesser, Christian, 2007. "Multidimensional analysis of perceived risk in commercial air travel," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 13(2), pages 90-96.
    5. Dowling, Grahame R & Staelin, Richard, 1994. "A Model of Perceived Risk and Intended Risk-Handling Activity," Journal of Consumer Research, Journal of Consumer Research Inc., vol. 21(1), pages 119-134, June.
    6. Fabian Stephany & Niklas Stoehr & Philipp Darius & Leonie Neuhauser & Ole Teutloff & Fabian Braesemann, 2020. "The CoRisk-Index: A data-mining approach to identify industry-specific risk assessments related to COVID-19 in real-time," Papers 2003.12432, arXiv.org, revised Apr 2020.
    7. Torbjørn Rundmo & Bjørg‐Elin Moen, 2006. "Risk Perception and Demand for Risk Mitigation in Transport: A Comparison of Lay People, Politicians and Experts," Journal of Risk Research, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 9(6), pages 623-640.
    8. Becken, Susanne & Hughey, Kennet F.D., 2013. "Linking tourism into emergency management structures to enhance disaster risk reduction," Tourism Management, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 77-85.
    9. Adam Blake & M. Thea Sinclair & Guntur Sugiyarto, 2003. "Quantifying the Impact of Foot and Mouth Disease on Tourism and the UK Economy," Tourism Economics, , vol. 9(4), pages 449-465, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Wei Quan & Jichul Jang & Aleksandar Radic & Antonio Ariza-Montes & Heesup Han, 2023. "Safe Destination Choice Among Tourism-Product Consumers in the New Era of Tourism," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(4), pages 21582440231, October.
    2. Noveri Maulana & Rifelly Dewi Astuti & Hariyadi B. Sukamdani & Prijono Tjiptoherijanto, 2022. "Risk Perception in the Post COVID-19 Pandemic Era: An Analysis of Tourist Accommodation and Travel Behavior in the New Normal Era," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-16, November.
    3. Dimin Wang & Ying Chen & Jovanie Tuguinay & Jessica J. Yuan, 2023. "The Influence of Perceived Risks and Behavioral Intention: The Case of Chinese International Students," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(2), pages 21582440231, June.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Chung-Shing Chan, 2021. "Developing a Conceptual Model for the Post-COVID-19 Pandemic Changing Tourism Risk Perception," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-12, September.
    2. Maja Turnšek & Mitja Gorenak & Boštjan Brumen & Janez Mekinc & Marjetka Rangus & Tanja Lešnik Štuhec, 2020. "Perceived Threat of COVID-19 and Future Travel Avoidance: Results from an Early Convenient Sample in Slovenia," Academica Turistica - Tourism and Innovation Journal, University of Primorska Press, vol. 13(1), pages 3-19.
    3. Maja Turnšek & Mitja Gorenak & Boštjan Brumen & Janez Mekinc & Marjetka Rangus & Tanja Lešnik Štuhec, 2020. "Perceived Threat of COVID-19 and Future Travel Avoidance: Results from an Early Convenient Sample in Slovenia," Academica Turistica - Tourism and Innovation Journal, University of Primorska Press, vol. 13(1), pages 3-19.
    4. Li, Jianping & Feng, Yuyao & Li, Guowen & Sun, Xiaolei, 2020. "Tourism companies' risk exposures on text disclosure," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    5. Pia Antoinette Plank & Luís Filipe Gomes & Paulo Caldas & Miguel Varela & Diogo Cunha Ferreira, 2023. "Assessing the Traveling Risks Perceived by South African Travelers during Pandemic Outbreaks: The Case of COVID-19," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-32, June.
    6. Hui Zhu & Fumin Deng, 2020. "How to Influence Rural Tourism Intention by Risk Knowledge during COVID-19 Containment in China: Mediating Role of Risk Perception and Attitude," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(10), pages 1-23, May.
    7. Cho, Sang-Hee & Ali, Faizan & Manhas, Parikshat Singh, 2018. "Examining the impact of risk perceptions on intentions to travel by air: A comparison of full -service carriers and low-cost carriers," Journal of Air Transport Management, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 20-27.
    8. Md. Kamrul Hasan & Ahmed Rageh Ismail & MD. Faridul Islam, 2017. "Tourist risk perceptions and revisit intention: A critical review of literature," Cogent Business & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 4(1), pages 1412874-141, January.
    9. Brodeur, Abel & Clark, Andrew E. & Fleche, Sarah & Powdthavee, Nattavudh, 2021. "COVID-19, lockdowns and well-being: Evidence from Google Trends," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    10. Wenming Shi & Meifeng Luo & Mengjie Jin & Seu Keow Cheng & Kevin X. Li, 2020. "Urban–rural income disparity and inbound tourism: Spatial evidence from China," Tourism Economics, , vol. 26(7), pages 1231-1247, November.
    11. Kang, Min Jung & Park, Heejun, 2011. "Impact of experience on government policy toward acceptance of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in Korea," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(6), pages 3465-3475, June.
    12. Yadav, Manjit S. & de Valck, Kristine & Hennig-Thurau, Thorsten & Hoffman, Donna L. & Spann, Martin, 2013. "Social Commerce: A Contingency Framework for Assessing Marketing Potential," Journal of Interactive Marketing, Elsevier, vol. 27(4), pages 311-323.
    13. Dutta, Sujay & Pullig, Chris, 2011. "Effectiveness of corporate responses to brand crises: The role of crisis type and response strategies," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 64(12), pages 1281-1287.
    14. Jesús J. Cambra‐Fierro & J. Alfredo Flores‐Hernández & Lourdes Pérez & Guadalupe Valera‐Blanes, 2020. "CSR and branding in emerging economies: The effect of incomes and education," Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 27(6), pages 2765-2776, November.
    15. Dubey, Subodh & Sharma, Ishant & Mishra, Sabyasachee & Cats, Oded & Bansal, Prateek, 2022. "A General Framework to Forecast the Adoption of Novel Products: A Case of Autonomous Vehicles," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 63-95.
    16. Mohammad Rashed Hasan Polas & Ratul Kumar Saha & Mosab I. Tabash, 2022. "How does tourist perception lead to tourist hesitation? Empirical evidence from Bangladesh," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 24(3), pages 3659-3686, March.
    17. Niklas Bondesson, 2012. "Brand Image Antecedents of Loyalty and Price Premium in Business Markets," Business and Management Research, Business and Management Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 1(1), pages 32-47, March.
    18. Talwar, Manish & Talwar, Shalini & Kaur, Puneet & Tripathy, Naliniprava & Dhir, Amandeep, 2021. "Has financial attitude impacted the trading activity of retail investors during the COVID-19 pandemic?," Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Elsevier, vol. 58(C).
    19. Saridakis, George & Benson, Vladlena & Ezingeard, Jean-Noel & Tennakoon, Hemamali, 2016. "Individual information security, user behaviour and cyber victimisation: An empirical study of social networking users," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 102(C), pages 320-330.
    20. Arielle Kaim & Eli Jaffe & Maya Siman-Tov & Ella Khairish & Bruria Adini, 2020. "Impact of a Brief Educational Intervention on Knowledge, Perceived Knowledge, Perceived Safety, and Resilience of the Public During COVID-19 Crisis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(16), pages 1-14, August.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:sae:sagope:v:12:y:2022:i:1:p:21582440221079622. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: SAGE Publications (email available below). General contact details of provider: .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.