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Neighborhood Food Accessibility and Health Disparity: Examining the Impact of COVID-19 Using Spatial Models

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  • Sung Eun Sally Oh
  • Daeyoung Kwon
  • Brian H. S. Kim

Abstract

COVID-19 exacerbated food system vulnerabilities globally. This study assesses the impact of shock events on food accessibility in New York City (NYC) by examining its association with neighborhood characteristics between 2019 and 2020. We model food accessibility using socioeconomic and built environment factors, adjusting for spatial effects with spatial econometric models and geographically weighted regression (GWR). Our spatial modeling methods reveal diverging relationships between minority racial/ethnic groups and food accessibility, as well as a negative change in the effect of income. Overall, our results indicate that food accessibility worsened or polarized during the pandemic, suggesting the need for improved network connectivity and smaller-scale food stores to achieve equitable and resilient food systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Sung Eun Sally Oh & Daeyoung Kwon & Brian H. S. Kim, 2024. "Neighborhood Food Accessibility and Health Disparity: Examining the Impact of COVID-19 Using Spatial Models," International Regional Science Review, , vol. 47(4), pages 443-474, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:inrsre:v:47:y:2024:i:4:p:443-474
    DOI: 10.1177/01600176231214205
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Moore, L.V. & Diez Roux, A.V., 2006. "Associations of neighborhood characteristics with the location and type of food stores," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 96(2), pages 325-331.
    2. Oshan, Taylor M. & Smith, Jordan & Fotheringham, Alexander Stewart, 2020. "Targeting the spatial context of obesity determinants via multiscale geographically weighted regression," OSF Preprints u7j29, Center for Open Science.
    3. Ghirardelli, A. & Quinn, V. & Foerster, S.B., 2010. "Using geographic information systems and local food store data in California's low-income neighborhoods to inform community initiatives and resources," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 100(11), pages 2156-2162.
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