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Impact of Food Standards on Patterns of International Trade in Marine Products

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  • Aishwary Kant Gupta
  • Seema Sangita

Abstract

Over the past two and half decades, rising non-tariff barriers, such as SPS and TBT measures appear to negate any benefits accruing from declining tariffs. The adoption of higher standards reflects efforts, generally by developed nations, towards protecting both human and environmental health. However, the burden of compliance falls on the upstream players of the supply chain, mostly located in the Global South. In this article, we explore if imposing food standards has a differential impact on the exporters of marine products from high-income and low-income countries. Using panel data analysis based on bilateral trade between 50 exporters and 188 importers of marine goods at HS6 level codes from 1995 to 2018, we conclude that imposing food standards has a significantly negative impact on exports of marine industries. Moreover, it appears that after 2008, food standards have become relatively more stringent, and their impact has varied based on economic size of the exporter. Relatively richer countries were able to expand their exports in the presence of standards. However, marine exports of poorer nations reduced. This contrasting impact of food standards on the high- and low-income countries significantly changed the pattern of global marine trade. JEL Codes: F1, F14, Q17

Suggested Citation

  • Aishwary Kant Gupta & Seema Sangita, 2024. "Impact of Food Standards on Patterns of International Trade in Marine Products," Foreign Trade Review, , vol. 59(4), pages 534-561, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:fortra:v:59:y:2024:i:4:p:534-561
    DOI: 10.1177/00157325221121433
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    International trade; gravity model; marine industry; food standards; SPS; TBT;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • Q17 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agriculture in International Trade

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