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Visualizing economic drivers of virtual land trade: A case study of global cereals trade

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  • Sohyun Park
  • Darla K Munroe
  • Ningchuan Xiao

Abstract

Exploring virtual land trade (VLT) embodied in the global agricultural trade enables us to uncover potential risks to economy, environment, and food security within the trade structure. Using the bilateral trade data for the periods of 1988–1990, 1998–2000, 2008–2010, and 2018–2020, we created halfcircle diagrams depicting how virtual land of cereals is traded between countries of different income levels. The diagrams show that the global trend of virtual land in cereal products was being exported from high-income to low-income countries. Initially, a few wealthy countries dominated exports, and in later periods, middle-income countries joined major exporters. There has been a significant increase in the number of countries participating in VLT. Halfcircle diagrams are a useful tool for visualizing overall trends of VLT in relation to a potential driver.

Suggested Citation

  • Sohyun Park & Darla K Munroe & Ningchuan Xiao, 2023. "Visualizing economic drivers of virtual land trade: A case study of global cereals trade," Environment and Planning B, , vol. 50(6), pages 1695-1698, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:sae:envirb:v:50:y:2023:i:6:p:1695-1698
    DOI: 10.1177/23998083231177057
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wurtenberger, Laura & Koellner, Thomas & Binder, Claudia R., 2006. "Virtual land use and agricultural trade: Estimating environmental and socio-economic impacts," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 57(4), pages 679-697, June.
    2. Carole Dalin & Yoshihide Wada & Thomas Kastner & Michael J. Puma, 2017. "Groundwater depletion embedded in international food trade," Nature, Nature, vol. 543(7647), pages 700-704, March.
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