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‘Trailing Wife’ or ‘Trailing Mother’? The Effect of Parental Status on the Relationship between Family Migration and the Labor-Market Participation of Married Women

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  • Thomas J Cooke

    (Department of Geography, 354 Mansfield Road, U-148, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269-2148, USA)

Abstract

Numerous studies demonstrate that married women sacrifice their own careers in order to support their husbands' careers by following them as tied migrants, largely independent of their own occupational status. Thus, it appears as if family migration is shaped by the dominant gender roles and gender identities which configure the lives of women and men in married couple families. The motivation for this paper stems from a concern that family migration research has failed to consider that the effects of family migration on the labor-market participation of married women may be contingent on parental status. This research is designed to uncover the individual and joint effects of migration and parental status on married women's labor-market participation. The approach taken in this research is to begin with a very specific type of married couple family—married couple families without children—and to trace how the birth of the first child and migration events independently and jointly determine women's labor-market participation over a 5-year time span. The data for the analysis are drawn from the 1987 through 1992 Family File of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Random effects probit models of labor-force participation and employment indicate a small, short-lived, impact of migration on the employment of married women without children—but for married women with children the negative effects of family migration on both labor force participation and employment are large and endure for many years.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas J Cooke, 2001. "‘Trailing Wife’ or ‘Trailing Mother’? The Effect of Parental Status on the Relationship between Family Migration and the Labor-Market Participation of Married Women," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 33(3), pages 419-430, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:sae:envira:v:33:y:2001:i:3:p:419-430
    DOI: 10.1068/a33140
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tolbert, Charles M. & Sizer, Molly, 1996. "U.S. Commuting Zones and Labor Market Areas: A 1990 Update," Staff Reports 278812, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
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    1. Sergi Vidal & Johannes Huinink, 2019. "Introduction to the special collection on spatial mobility, family dynamics, and gender relations," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 41(21), pages 593-616.
    2. Paul Boyle & Thomas Cooke & Keith Halfacree & Darren Smith, 2001. "A cross-national comparison of the impact of family migration on women’s employment status," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 38(2), pages 201-213, May.
    3. Zhengyu Cai & Heather M. Stephens & John V. Winters, 2019. "Motherhood, migration, and self-employment of college graduates," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 53(3), pages 611-629, October.
    4. Karina Nilsson, 2003. "Moving into the City and Moving Out Again: Swedish Evidence from the Cohort Born in 1968," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 40(7), pages 1243-1258, June.
    5. Sandra Krapf & Clara H. Mulder & Michael Wagner, 2022. "The Transition to a Coresidential Partnership: Who Moves and Who Has the Partner Move In?," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 41(2), pages 757-779, April.
    6. William A V Clark & Suzanne Davies Withers, 2002. "Disentangling the Interaction of Migration, Mobility, and Labor-Force Participation," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 34(5), pages 923-945, May.
    7. Jeremy Burke & Amalia R. Miller, 2018. "The Effects Of Job Relocation On Spousal Careers: Evidence From Military Change Of Station Moves," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 56(2), pages 1261-1277, April.
    8. Murray-Close, Marta, 2019. "Living Far Apart Together: Dual-Career Location Constraints and Marital Noncohabitation," SocArXiv a9dc8, Center for Open Science.
    9. Kate Preston & Arthur Grimes, 2017. "Migration and Gender: Who Gains and in Which Ways?," Working Papers 17_08, Motu Economic and Public Policy Research.
    10. William A.V. Clark & Suzanne Davies Withers, 2007. "Family migration and mobility sequences in the United States," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 17(20), pages 591-622.
    11. Kate Preston & Arthur Grimes, 2019. "Migration, Gender, Wages and Wellbeing: Who Gains and in Which Ways?," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 144(3), pages 1415-1452, August.
    12. Vidal, Sergi & Lersch, Philipp M., 2019. "Changes in gender role attitudes following couples' residential relocations," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 0(39), pages 1111-1152.
    13. Boheim, Rene & Taylor, Mark P., 2007. "From the dark end of the street to the bright side of the road? The wage returns to migration in Britain," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 99-117, January.
    14. Suman, 2018. "Gendered Migrations and Literary Narratives: Writing Communities in South Asian Diaspora," Millennial Asia, , vol. 9(1), pages 93-108, April.
    15. Sergi Vidal & Philipp M. Lersch, 2019. "Changes in gender role attitudes following couples' residential relocations," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 40(39), pages 1111-1152.
    16. Clara H. Mulder, 2018. "Putting family centre stage: Ties to nonresident family, internal migration, and immobility," Demographic Research, Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, Rostock, Germany, vol. 39(43), pages 1151-1180.
    17. Paul Boyle & Thomas Cooke & Keith Halfacree & Darren Smith, 2003. "The Effect of Long-Distance Family Migration and Motherhood on Partnered Women's Labour-Market Activity Rates in Great Britain and the USA," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 35(12), pages 2097-2114, December.
    18. Paul Boyle & Thomas J. Cooke & Keith Halfacree & Darren Smith, 2002. "A cross‐national study of the effects of family migration on women's labour market status: some difficulties with integrating microdata from two censuses," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 165(3), pages 465-480, October.

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