IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/rjr/romjef/vy2022i4p128-149.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Does Optimal Capital Structure Exist in Chinese Military Enterprises? Evidence from Industrial Heterogeneity

Author

Listed:
  • Chiwei SU

    (School of Business, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.)

  • Kaihua WANG

    (School of Business, Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.)

Abstract

This paper aims to discuss the relationship between capital structure and firm performance in different Chinese industries. Depending on panel threshold regression method, different optimal capital structure levels are examined in the air force and naval equipment industries. Firm size, profitability, tangible assets and state-owned shares can explain this phenomenon effectively. Besides, there is no threshold effect for land force equipment industry, which may be due to the military reforms in People’s Liberation Army, industry situation and uncertainties in the surroundings. Overall, this study focuses on Chinese different state-owned defence industry, providing a new perspective suggesting that capital structure theory developed from a Western economic perspective can be applied to present-day China. For the future research perspective, the Chinese private defence industry is a new field which is worthy of discussing.

Suggested Citation

  • Chiwei SU & Kaihua WANG, 2022. "Does Optimal Capital Structure Exist in Chinese Military Enterprises? Evidence from Industrial Heterogeneity," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 0(4), pages 128-149, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:rjr:romjef:v::y:2022:i:4:p:128-149
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.ipe.ro/rjef/rjef4_2022/rjef4_2022p128-149.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ying Zhang & Jiaxin Xu & Ling Zhai, 2020. "Are there Bubbles in the Defence Sector of China’s Stock Market (2005–2016)? New Evidence from Sequential ADF Tests," Defence and Peace Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 31(1), pages 105-119, January.
    2. Hang, Markus & Geyer-Klingeberg, Jerome & Rathgeber, Andreas W. & Stöckl, Stefan, 2018. "Measurement matters—A meta-study of the determinants of corporate capital structure," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 211-225.
    3. Berger, Allen N. & Bonaccorsi di Patti, Emilia, 2006. "Capital structure and firm performance: A new approach to testing agency theory and an application to the banking industry," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(4), pages 1065-1102, April.
    4. Namchul Shin & Kenneth L. Kraemer & Jason Dedrick, 2017. "R&D and firm performance in the semiconductor industry," Industry and Innovation, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(3), pages 280-297, April.
    5. Rebel A. Cole, 2013. "What Do We Know about the Capital Structure of Privately Held US Firms? Evidence from the Surveys of Small Business Finance," Financial Management, Financial Management Association International, vol. 42(4), pages 777-813, December.
    6. Leary, Mark T. & Roberts, Michael R., 2010. "The pecking order, debt capacity, and information asymmetry," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(3), pages 332-355, March.
    7. Im, Kyung So & Pesaran, M. Hashem & Shin, Yongcheol, 2003. "Testing for unit roots in heterogeneous panels," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 115(1), pages 53-74, July.
    8. Munir, Qaiser & Kok, Sook Ching & Teplova, Tamara & Li, Tongxia, 2017. "Powerful CEOs, debt financing, and leasing in Chinese SMEs: Evidence from threshold model," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 487-503.
    9. Ibrahim El‐Sayed Ebaid, 2009. "The impact of capital‐structure choice on firm performance: empirical evidence from Egypt," Journal of Risk Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 10(5), pages 477-487, November.
    10. Gao, Wenlian & Zhu, Feifei, 2015. "Information asymmetry and capital structure around the world," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 131-159.
    11. Coad, Alex & Segarra, Agustí & Teruel, Mercedes, 2013. "Like milk or wine: Does firm performance improve with age?," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 173-189.
    12. Wang, Kai-Hua & Liu, Lu & Li, Xin & Oana-Ramona, Lobonţ, 2022. "Do oil price shocks drive unemployment? Evidence from Russia and Canada," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
    13. Lin, Yongjia Rebecca & Fu, Xiaoqing Maggie, 2017. "Does institutional ownership influence firm performance? Evidence from China," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 17-57.
    14. Hansen, Bruce E., 1999. "Threshold effects in non-dynamic panels: Estimation, testing, and inference," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 93(2), pages 345-368, December.
    15. Ardalan, Kavous, 2017. "Capital structure theory: Reconsidered," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 39(PB), pages 696-710.
    16. Marco Botta, 2020. "Financial crises, debt overhang, and firm growth in transition economies," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(40), pages 4333-4350, August.
    17. Bhagat, Sanjai & Bolton, Brian, 2008. "Corporate governance and firm performance," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 14(3), pages 257-273, June.
    18. Lee, Chien-Chiang & Lee, Chi-Chuan & Zeng, Jhih-Hong & Hsu, Yu-Ling, 2017. "Peer bank behavior, economic policy uncertainty, and leverage decision of financial institutions," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 79-91.
    19. Chi-Wei Su & Lidong Pang & Muhammad Umar & Oana-Ramona Lobonţ, 2022. "Will Gold Always Shine amid World Uncertainty?," Emerging Markets Finance and Trade, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 58(12), pages 3425-3438, September.
    20. Barbiero, Francesca & Popov, Alexander & Wolski, Marcin, 2020. "Debt overhang, global growth opportunities, and investment," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    21. Huang, Guihai & Song, Frank M., 2006. "The determinants of capital structure: Evidence from China," China Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 17(1), pages 14-36.
    22. Detthamrong, Umawadee & Chancharat, Nongnit & Vithessonthi, Chaiporn, 2017. "Corporate governance, capital structure and firm performance: Evidence from Thailand," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 689-709.
    23. Ming-Liang Yeh & Hsiao-Ping Chu & Peter Sher & Yi-Chia Chiu, 2010. "R&D intensity, firm performance and the identification of the threshold: fresh evidence from the panel threshold regression model," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 42(3), pages 389-401.
    24. Runtian Jing & Mary Benner, 2016. "Institutional Regime, Opportunity Space and Organizational Path Constitution: Case Studies of the Conversion of Military Firms in China," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(4), pages 552-579, June.
    25. Miglo, Anton, 2007. "Debt-equity choice as a signal of earnings profile over time," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 69-93, March.
    26. Ibrahim El-Sayed Ebaid, 2009. "The impact of capital-structure choice on firm performance: empirical evidence from Egypt," Journal of Risk Finance, Emerald Group Publishing, vol. 10(5), pages 477-487, November.
    27. repec:bla:jfinan:v:43:y:1988:i:1:p:1-19 is not listed on IDEAS
    28. Vo, Xuan Vinh & Ellis, Craig, 2017. "An empirical investigation of capital structure and firm value in Vietnam," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 90-94.
    29. Kraus, Alan & Litzenberger, Robert H, 1973. "A State-Preference Model of Optimal Financial Leverage," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 28(4), pages 911-922, September.
    30. Fan, Pengda, 2019. "Debt retirement at IPO and firm growth," Journal of Economics and Business, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 1-16.
    31. Hu, Jinyan & Wang, Kai-Hua & Su, Chi Wei & Umar, Muhammad, 2022. "Oil price, green innovation and institutional pressure: A China's perspective," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C).
    32. Margaritis, Dimitris & Psillaki, Maria, 2010. "Capital structure, equity ownership and firm performance," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 621-632, March.
    33. Levin, Andrew & Lin, Chien-Fu & James Chu, Chia-Shang, 2002. "Unit root tests in panel data: asymptotic and finite-sample properties," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 108(1), pages 1-24, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hariem Abdullah & Turgut Tursoy, 2021. "Capital structure and firm performance: evidence of Germany under IFRS adoption," Review of Managerial Science, Springer, vol. 15(2), pages 379-398, February.
    2. Khémiri, Wafa & Noubbigh, Hédi, 2020. "Size-threshold effect in debt-firm performance nexus in the sub-Saharan region: A Panel Smooth Transition Regression approach," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 76(C), pages 335-344.
    3. Abdullah, Hariem & Tursoy, Turgut, 2021. "Capital structure and firm performance: a panel causality test," MPRA Paper 105871, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Le, Thi Phuong Vy & Phan, Thi Bich Nguyet, 2017. "Capital structure and firm performance: Empirical evidence from a small transition country," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 710-726.
    5. Zaheda Daruwala, 2023. "Influence of Financial Leverage on Corporate Profitability: Does it Really Matter?," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 13(4), pages 37-46, July.
    6. Amanj Mohamed Ahmed & Nabard Abdallah Sharif & Muhammad Nawzad Ali & István Hágen, 2023. "Effect of Firm Size on the Association between Capital Structure and Profitability," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(14), pages 1-17, July.
    7. Diby François Kassi & Dilesha Nawadali Rathnayake & Pierre Axel Louembe & Ning Ding, 2019. "Market Risk and Financial Performance of Non-Financial Companies Listed on the Moroccan Stock Exchange," Risks, MDPI, vol. 7(1), pages 1-29, February.
    8. Sakshi Khanna & Amit Srivastava & Yajulu Medury, 2016. "A study of capital structure dynamics on the value of Indian firms using panel threshold regression model," International Journal of Management Practice, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 9(1), pages 40-55.
    9. Wang, Kai-Hua & Zhao, Yan-Xin & Jiang, Cui-Feng & Li, Zheng-Zheng, 2022. "Does green finance inspire sustainable development? Evidence from a global perspective," Economic Analysis and Policy, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 412-426.
    10. Zarina Abdul Salam & Roghayeh Shourkashti, 2019. "Capital Structure and Firm Performance in Emerging Market: An Empirical Analysis of Malaysian Companies," International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, Human Resource Management Academic Research Society, International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, vol. 9(3), pages 70-82, July.
    11. Chen, Yiqi & Ibhagui, Oyakhilome W., 2019. "R&D-firm performance nexus: New evidence from NASDAQ listed firms," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).
    12. M N, Nikhil & S Shenoy, Sandeep & Chakraborty, Suman & B M, Lithin, 2023. "Is the Nexus Between Capital Structure and Firm Performance Asymmetric? An Emerging Market Perspective," MPRA Paper 119669, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 17 Nov 2023.
    13. Hasan Aydin Okuyan, 2023. "When does capital structure hurt economic value? Nonlinear evidence from Turkey," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 43(1), pages 602-612.
    14. Zhang, Dongyang & Liu, Deqiang, 2017. "Determinants of the capital structure of Chinese non-listed enterprises: Is TFP efficient?," Economic Systems, Elsevier, vol. 41(2), pages 179-202.
    15. Abd Halim Ahmad & Nur Adiana Hiau Abdullah, 2013. "Investigation of optimal capital structure in Malaysia: a panel threshold estimation," Studies in Economics and Finance, Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 30(2), pages 108-117, May.
    16. Taslima Akther & Mushfiqur Rahman & Md. Mufidur Rahman, 2023. "Factors influencing commercial bank profitability in Bangladesh: a panel data approach," Future Business Journal, Springer, vol. 9(1), pages 1-20, December.
    17. Jaroslav Mazanec, 2023. "Capital Structure and Corporate Performance: An Empirical Analysis from Central Europe," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(9), pages 1-19, April.
    18. Muhammad Akhtar & Kong Yusheng & Muhammad Haris & Qurat Ul Ain & Hafiz Mustansar Javaid, 2022. "Impact of financial leverage on sustainable growth, market performance, and profitability," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 55(2), pages 737-774, May.
    19. Osaretin Kayode Omoregie & Sodik Adejonwo Olofin & Fredrick Ikpesu, 2019. "Capital Structure and the Profitability-Liquidity Trade-off," International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, Econjournals, vol. 9(3), pages 105-115.
    20. Zainudin, Zalina & Hussain, Hafezali Iqbal & Abdul Hadi, Abdul Razak & ibrahim, izani, 2017. "Debt and Financial Performance of MREITs in Malaysia: An Optimal Debt Threshold Analysis," Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, vol. 51(2), pages 63-74.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    capital structure; enterprise performance; military industries; panel unit root; panel threshold regression model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C33 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • G32 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Financing Policy; Financial Risk and Risk Management; Capital and Ownership Structure; Value of Firms; Goodwill
    • L25 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Firm Performance

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:rjr:romjef:v::y:2022:i:4:p:128-149. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Corina Saman (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/ipacaro.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.