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Un modèle des flux interrégionaux de marchandises au Canada

Author

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  • Bigras, Yvon

    (Département d’administration et d’économique, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières)

  • Nguyen, Sang

    (Centre de recherche sur les transports, Université de Montréal)

Abstract

We present in this article a model of freight flows between eight regions in Canada, and for 64 categories of goods. The model works in two stages. First, regressions are made of observed flows on some socio-economical variables, such as transportation costs. We then get prior flows, which can be modified when the explanatory variables are modified. Now, these prior flows do not necessarily respect the industrial structure of each region. To make the corrections, we resolve a mathematical program, whose objective function is based on information theory. We then look for flows as near as possible to prior flows, but which are also consistent with the industrial regional structure. This structure is included in the model using input-output accountable constraints. The model can be seen as an input-output interregional model, where the interregional coefficients are sensitive to variations in transportation costs. The formulation of the model is very flexible and allows to take into consideration other explanatory factors. The model is implemented with canadian input-output data for 1974, and compared to other models. Dans cet article, nous présentons un modèle des flux de marchandises entre huit régions du Canada, et pour l’ensemble des biens qui ont été regroupés en 64 catégories. Le modèle fonctionne en deux étapes. Dans un premier temps, les flux observés sont régressés sur certaines variables socio-économiques, dont le coût de transport. On obtient alors des flux « a priori », qui peuvent être modifiés lorsque les variables les expliquant sont elles-mêmes modifiées. Or, ces flux « a priori » ne respectent pas nécessairement la structure industrielle de chaque région. Pour les corriger, on résout un programme mathématique dont la fonction objectif est basée sur la théorie de l’information. On cherche alors les flux qui sont les plus proches possibles des flux « a priori », mais qui respectent également la structure industrielle de chaque région. Cette structure est représentée par des contraintes comptables input-output régionales. Le modèle peut être vu comme un modèle input-output interrégional, où les coefficients interrégionaux sont sensibles à des variations des coûts de transport. La formulation du modèle est également beaucoup plus souple et elle permet de prendre en compte d’autres facteurs explicatifs. Le modèle est testé avec des données input-output canadiennes de 1974, et il est aussi comparé à d’autres modèles.

Suggested Citation

  • Bigras, Yvon & Nguyen, Sang, 1987. "Un modèle des flux interrégionaux de marchandises au Canada," L'Actualité Economique, Société Canadienne de Science Economique, vol. 63(1), pages 26-42, mars.
  • Handle: RePEc:ris:actuec:v:63:y:1987:i:1:p:26-42
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Los, M., 1980. "A Transportation-Oriented Multiregional Economic Model for Canada," Cahiers de recherche 8028, Universite de Montreal, Departement de sciences economiques.
    2. Nijkamp, Peter, 1975. "Reflections on gravity and entropy models," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 5(2), pages 203-225, May.
    3. G. M. Hyman, 1969. "The Calibration of Trip Distribution Models," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 1(1), pages 105-112, June.
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