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Le rôle du secteur privé dans le financement des infrastructures : une mise en perspective historique

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  • Olivier Debande

Abstract

[fre] L'efficacité d'un partenariat privé-public repose sur un partage clair des res­ponsabilités et des risques liés à la mise en œuvre des projets d'infrastructure. L'analyse historique du développement des infrastructures de transport en Europe et aux États-Unis montre que la forme institutionnelle de l'intervention des pou­voirs publics n'est pas neutre. En effet, étant donné les garanties explicites ou implicites données par les pouvoirs publics aux prêts bancaires et l'internalisation par l'État de la valeur sociale de ces projets, les partenaires privés sont incités à poursuivre des stratégies impliquant des prises de risque excessives. De telles stratégies sont favorisées par certaines caractéristiques propres aux projets d'infrastructure comme la forme de financement sans recours, la forte incertitude sur les coûts et la demande ainsi que la complexité des arrangements contrac­tuels et financiers. [eng] The efficiency of the private intervention in infrastructure investments rests on an optimal allocation of liabilities and risks between the private sector and the government. The historical analysis of transport infrastructures' development in Europe and in the United-States shows that the institutional form of the governe-ment intervention is not neutral. Given the implicit or explicit government guaran­tee on banks credits and the social value assigned to the project by the government, private partners may have an incentive to follow excessive risk-taking strategies. Such strategies are encouraged by the following factors : the non-recourse dimension of financing projects, the level of uncertainty on costs and demand and the complexity of the contractual and financial structure.

Suggested Citation

  • Olivier Debande, 1997. "Le rôle du secteur privé dans le financement des infrastructures : une mise en perspective historique," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 48(2), pages 197-230.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1997_num_48_2_409871
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1997.409871
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1997.409871
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