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Les effets d'âge et de génération sur le niveau et la structure de la consommation

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  • Marceline Bodier

Abstract

[eng] The Effects of Age and Generation on the The French population is steadily ageing and the focus is often on the future potential role of the consumption of what are now termed the "new seniors". Retirement is by and large no longer synonymous with a decrease in the standard of living: In 1990, the standard of living of households aged over 60 was already 10% higher on average than that of households under 60 years old. Yet" consumption studies have hitherto suggested that consumption decreases with age. The change in the population structure towards categories with high- standards of living," but normally low consumption- Level and Structure of Consumption' therefore brings considerable uncertainties to bear on the ; level of household consumption over the coming decades. These studies compare different generations on the same ; date. However, tracking samples of given household cohorts as they get older is a good way of differentiating the specific age effect from the effect of belonging to a - given generation. Population ageing hence appears to have less of an effect on consumption. One striking change in the consumption structure with age is the growth in the share of leisure consumption after retirement. [spa] Los efectos de edad y de generacion sobre La poblaciôn francesa no cesa de envejecer y se hace . énfasis en el papel que podrîa desempenar en el futuro el ; consumo de los que se Maman ahora los « nuevos seniors ». La jubilaciôn ya no es sinônimo de pérdida de nivel de vida : en 1990, el nivel de vida de los hogares de ' mâs de 60 anos era en un promedio un 10 % superior al de los hogares de menos de 60 anos. Pero, hasta hoy dfa *. los estudios sobre consumo sugieren que este disminuye - con la edad. La deformaciôn de la estructura de la , poblaciôn en favor de las categorfas de alto nivel de vida pero a priori infraconsumidoras es una amenaza al nivel de consumo de los hogares para los decenios venideros. el nivel y la estructura del consumo Ahora bien, estos estudios comparan unas generaciones , diferentes en una misma fecha. Seguir unas muestras de ; las mismas cohortes de hogares a medida que van envejeciendo, permite en cambio separar el efecto propio de la edad del de la pertenencia a una generacion especifica. El efecto del envejecimiento de la poblaciôn ; sobre el consumo résulta en este caso mâs tenue. Una deformaciôn notable de la estrutura del consumo con la : edad es el crecimiento de la cuota de consumo de ocios después de la jubilaciôn. [ger] Alters- und generationsbedingte Auswirkungen auf das Konsumniveau und die Konsumstruktur Die franzôsische Bevôlkerung wird immer alter. Betont . wird in diesem Zusammenhang oftmals die Rolle, die der Konsum der sogenannten «neuen Senioren» kùnftig spielen kônnte. Denn der Eintritt in den Ruhestand ist im - allgemeinen nicht mehr mit einem Rùckgang des Lebensstandards gleichzusetzen: bereits 1990 lag der Lebensstandard der Haushalte von uber 60 Jahren im Durchschnitt urn 1 0% uber demjenigen der Haushalte von unter 60 Jahren.' Bislang gelangte man jedoch bei den Studien uber den Konsum zu dem SchluB, daB dieser mit dem Alter abnimmt. Aufgrund der Verformung der Bevôlkerungsstruktur zugunsten der Kategorien mit hôherem Lebensstandard, die aber a priori weniger ' konsumieren, herrscht hinsichtlich des Konsumniveaus der Haushalte in den kommenden Jahrzehnten Unsicherheit. Bei diesen Studien werden jedoch unterschiedliche Generationen zu ein und demselben Zeitpunkt miteinander verglichen. Dagegen ermôglicht die Verfolgung.von Stichproben ein und derselben' Haushaltskohorten entsprechend ihrer Alterung eine gute Differenzierung zwischen dem Effekt des Alters selbst und dem Effekt der Zugehôrigkeit zu einer bestimmten- Generation. Die Auswirkung der Bevôlkerungsalterung auf den Konsum scheint dann geringer zu sein. Eine nennenswerte Verformung der Konsumstruktur aufgrund des Alters ist darauf zurùckzufûhren, daB nach dem Eintritt in den Ruhestand der Anteil des Freizeitkonsums zunimmt. [fre] Les effets d'âge et de génération sur le niveau et la structure de la consommation La population française ne cesse de vieillir et l'accent est fortes incertitudes sur le niveau de la consommation des souvent mis sur le rôle que pourrait tenir, à l'avenir, la ménages au cours des décennies avenir., consommation de ceux que l'on nomme désormais les « nouveaux seniors ». En effet, le passage à la retraite . n'est plus, en général, synonyme de perte de niveau de : vie : déjà en 1990, le niveau de vie des ménages de plus de 60 ans était, en moyenne, de 1 0 % plus élevé que celui des ménages de moins de 60 ans. Or jusqu'à présent, les études sur la consommation suggèrent que celle-ci , diminue avec l'âge. La déformation de la structure de la population au profit des catégories de niveau de vie élevé, mais a priori sous-consommatrices, fait donc peser de Toutefois, ces études comparent des générations différentes à une même date. Suivre des échantillons des mêmes cohortes de ménages au fur et à mesure de leur - vieillissement permet, en revanche, de bien différencier, l'effet propre de l'âge de celui de l'appartenance à une génération spécifique. L'effet du vieillissement de la population sur la consommation apparaît alors plus faible. Une déformation notable de la structure de la consommation avec l'âge est la croissance de la part de consommation de loisirs après la retraite.

Suggested Citation

  • Marceline Bodier, 1999. "Les effets d'âge et de génération sur le niveau et la structure de la consommation," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 324(1), pages 163-180.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1999_num_324_1_6217
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1999.6217
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1999.6217
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Dominique Darmon & Jean-Michel Hourriez & Philippe L'Hardy, 1991. "Consommation : l'effet du vieillissement," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 243(1), pages 89-104.
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    5. Jérôme Adda, 1995. "Allocation intertemporelle de la consommation, développements récents," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 121(5), pages 1-18.
    6. Nilton Cardoso & François Gardes, 1996. "Estimations de lois de consommation sur un pseudo-panel d'enquêtes de l'Insee ( 1979,1984,1989)," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 126(5), pages 111-125.
    7. Deaton, Angus, 1985. "Panel data from time series of cross-sections," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 30(1-2), pages 109-126.
    8. Stéfan Lollivier, 1999. "La consommation sensible aux variations de revenu, même sur le court terme," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 324(1), pages 181-193.
    9. Verbeek, M.J.C.M. & Nijman, T.E., 1992. "Can cohort data be treated as genuine panel data?," Other publications TiSEM d4eada8f-b91c-4fe7-a58c-7, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
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    1. repec:dau:papers:123456789/5896 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Carole Bonnet, 2002. "Comptabilité générationnelle appliquée à la France : quelques facteurs d'instabilité des résultats," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 154(3), pages 59-78.
    3. Hippolyte d'Albis & Ikpidi Badji, 2017. "Les inégalités de niveaux de vie entre les générations en France," Post-Print halshs-01524882, HAL.
    4. d'Albis, Hippolyte & Badji, Ikpidi, 2022. "Inequality within generation: Evidence from France," Research in Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(1), pages 69-83.
    5. Hippolyte d’Albis & Ikpidi Badji, 2017. "Intergenerational inequalities in standards of living in France," Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques (INSEE), issue 491-492, pages 71-92.
    6. Hippolyte d'Albis & Ikpidi Badji, 2020. "Les inégalités intra-générationnelles en France," PSE Working Papers halshs-02531236, HAL.
    7. Hippolyte d’Albis & Carole Bonnet & Julien Navaux & Jacques Pelletan & François-Charles Wolff, 2017. "Lifecycle deficit in France: an assessment for the period 1979-2011," Economie et Statistique / Economics and Statistics, Institut National de la Statistique et des Etudes Economiques (INSEE), issue 491-492, pages 47-70.
    8. repec:dau:papers:123456789/10342 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. Abderraouf Ben Ahmed Mtiraoui & Hend Hassen Khémiri, 2020. "The effect of the epidemic between the Malthus perspective and the revival of economic growth for some countries in North Africa and the Middle East [L'effet de l'épidémie entre l'optique de Malthu," Working Papers hal-02566944, HAL.
    10. Eloïse Sengès & Denis Guiot & Ziad Malas, 2014. "Le Bien-Vieillir Désiré : Vers une nouvelle segmentation des 50-65 ans," Post-Print hal-01649766, HAL.
    11. Fateh Belaïd & Christophe Rault & Camille Massié, 2021. "A Life-Cycle Analysis of French Household Electricity Demand," CESifo Working Paper Series 8814, CESifo.
    12. Hippolyte d'Albis & Carole Bonnet & Julien Navaux & Jacques Pelletan & François-­charles Wolff, 2017. "Le déficit de cycle de vie en France : une évaluation pour la période 1979-2001," Post-Print halshs-01599680, HAL.
    13. Abderraouf Ben Ahmed Mtiraoui & Hassen Khémiri, 2020. "The effect of the epidemic between the Malthus perspective and the revival of economic growth for some countries in North Africa and the Middle East [L'effet de l'épidémie entre l'optique de Malthu," Post-Print hal-02560741, HAL.
    14. repec:dau:papers:123456789/12959 is not listed on IDEAS

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