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L'engagement des PMI dans l'exportation

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  • Alain Roncin

Abstract

[eng] The Involvement of Small and Medium-sized Firms in Exporting - Theoretical economic analyses give relatively little importance, somewhat surprisingly, to a firm's size as a decisive factor which influences its tendency to export. Furthermore, on an empirical level, the results of studies in this area are at times contradictory. This article attempts to evaluate within French industrial firms to what extent there exists a link between size (mesured as the number of employees) and the tendency to export. Within industry taken as a whole, such a relation does exist, although small and medium-sized firms are not excessively present among low-export industries. From the standpoint of sector, however, the relationship has only a limited value : by using a rigorous procedure of statistical tests, it emerges that, out of 47 individual sectors, the link is significant only within thirteen of them. Nearly all of these sectors belong to the areas of professional capital goods and intermediary goods. [spa] Obligación para la pequena y mediana empresa de exportar - Los análisis economicos teoricos dan escasa importancia, a la inversa de lo que se pudiere suponer, al tamaño de la empresa como factor decisivo que favorece la propension a exportar. Empiricamente, los resultados se verifican a veces contradictories. El articulo se aplica a estimar, respecto a las empresas industriales francesas, la presencia de una relación entre dimension, medida por el numéro de asalariados y tendencia a exportar. En la industria, considerada globalmente, la relación existe si bien la pequena y mediana industria destaca poco entre empresas escasamente exportadoras. A nivel sectoral, en cambio, la relación es de poco alcance : la utilización de un procedimiento rigoroso de pruebas estadisticas pone de manifiesto que de 47 sectores individual ados, el vinculo no es significativo más que en 13 de ellos. Casi todos estos sectores forman parte de los bienes de equipo profesional y de bienes intermedios. [fre] Les analyses économiques théoriques accordent assez peu d'importance, contrairement à ce qu'on pourrait penser, à la dimension de l'entreprise comme facteur décisif favorisant la tendance à exporter. Empiriquement, les résultats sont d'ailleurs parfois contradictoires. L'article s'attache à apprécier, sur les entreprises industrielles françaises, l'existence d'une relation entre la taille (mesurée par le nombre de salariés) et la propension à exporter. Dans l'industrie prise globalement, la relation existe, bien que les PMI ne soient que peu sur-représentées parmi les entreprises faiblement exportatrices. Au niveau sectoriel, en revanche, la relation n'a qu'une portée limitée: l'utilisation d'une procédure rigoureuse de tests statistiques indique que, sur les 47 secteurs individualisés, la liaison n'est significative que dans 13. Ces secteurs font presque tous partie des biens d'équipement professionnel et des biens intermédiaires.

Suggested Citation

  • Alain Roncin, 1982. "L'engagement des PMI dans l'exportation," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 148(1), pages 39-51.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1982_num_148_1_4672
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1982.4672
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1982.4672
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Edwin Mansfield, 1964. "Industrial Research and Development Expenditures: Determinants, Prospects, and Relation to Size of Firm and Inventive Output," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 72(4), pages 319-319.
    2. Hirsch, Seev & Adar, Zvi, 1974. "Firm size and export performance," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 2(7), pages 41-46, July.
    3. Harry Johnson, 1970. "The State of Theory in Relation to the Empirical Analysis," NBER Chapters, in: The Technology Factor in International Trade, pages 9-24, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    4. G. Warren Nutter, 1956. "Monopoly, Bigness, and Progress," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 64(6), pages 520-520.
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    1. Michel Delattre, 1983. "Points forts et points faibles du commerce extérieur industriel," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 157(1), pages 15-30.

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