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Le tertiaire insaisissable ?

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  • Michel Braibant

Abstract

[fre] L'étude est articulée autour des trois principaux facteurs avancés comme caractéristiques des activités tertiaires : une part croissante de l'emploi, une relative insensibilité aux crises économiques, un progrès technique faible. L'examen de l'emploi tertiaire depuis un siècle, à un niveau détaillé d'activité, met en relief trois types d'évolution : certains services régressent ou se transforment, d'autres suivent le cours de l'activité économique, d'autres enfin font au cours de la décennie 1960 une percée fulgurante. Les liens de plus en plus étroits entre l'industrie et la plupart des services modernes remettent en question l'image d'un tertiaire essentiellement destiné aux ménages. Dans l'ensemble, le tertiaire a été affecté, avec retard mais de façon sensible, par la crise économique des années 1970. D'autre part, avec le développement de l'informatique, plusieurs services modernes ont connu des gains de productivité du travail importants. Au-delà de la diversité du tertiaire, la question que pose l'article tient plus profondément à sa mesure. Les indicateurs actuels suffisent-ils à apprécier la production de services tels que la recherche ou l'ingénierie? [eng] The Elusiveness of the Tertiary Sector - This study is organized around three principal aspects which are considered as characterizing tertiary activities : their growing share of the labor force, their relative insensitivity to economic crises, and their low technological progress. The analysis of tertiary employment over the last hundred years, giving a detailed treatment of different activities, reveals 3 types of trends : certain services declined or changed, others followed the pattern of economic activity, while others made an extraordinary breakthrough in the 60's. The ever closer links between industry and the majority of modern services called into doubt the image of a tertiary sector essentially aimed at households. On the whole, the tertiary sector was hit — later than other sectors, but significantly — by the economic crisis of the 70's. Moreover, with the development of computers, a number of modern services have shown major increases in production. Beyond the diversity of the tertiary sector, the deeper question posed by this article is how this sector can be measured. Are the current indicators sufficient for evaluating the production of services such as research or engineering? [spa] ¿ Es inasequible el terciario? - Este estudio estriba en torno a tres principales factores que se adelantan a modo de caracteristicas de las actividades terciarias : una parte creciente del empleo, una relativa insensibilidad frente a las crisis económicas, un progreso tecnico flojo. El examen del empleo terciario, de un siglo acá, a nivel pormenorizado de actividad, pone de manifesto tres tipos de evolución : algunos servicios retroceden o se transforman, otros van siguiendo el curso de la actividad econômica, otros, por fin, en el transcurso del decenio de 1960 se obren paso de manera asombrosa. Los vínculos, de día en día mas firmes entre la industria y la mayoría de los servicios modernos ponen a debate la figura de un terciario esencialmente destinado a los hogares. En su conjunto, el terciario se vió afectado, con tardanza si bien de manera sensible, por la crisis económica de los años del 70. Por otra parte, a raíz del desarrollo de la informatics, varios servicios modernos registraron beneficios de productividad laboral de consideración. Más alla de la diversidad del terciario, la inter rogante que plantea el artículo estriba mayormente en su dimension. ¿ Bastan los indicadores actuales para valorar la producción de servicios tales como investigacion o Ingeniería ?

Suggested Citation

  • Michel Braibant, 1982. "Le tertiaire insaisissable ?," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 146(1), pages 3-17.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1982_num_146_1_4634
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1982.4634
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1982.4634
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Martine Aubert & Philippe Trogan, 1974. "Les gains de productivité dans les services traditionnels et modernes," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 55(1), pages 25-39.
    2. Bertrand Piens, 1982. "Productivité du travail et prix dans le commerce de détail," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 143(1), pages 33-43.
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    1. Buda, Rodolphe, 2003. "Plus grande commune nomenclature (PGCN) – élaboration d’une nomenclature de réconciliation pour la constuction de séries longues [Greater common economic classification (GCEC) - conception of a rec," MPRA Paper 34900, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Roland Sparfel, 1984. "Les hôtels, cafés, restaurants : tradition et renouveau," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 163(1), pages 3-16.
    3. P. Teillet, 1987. "La macro-économie des services : concepts et mesure," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 177(1), pages 5-9.
    4. Pierre Beckouche & Félix Damette, 1993. "Une grille d'analyse globale de l'emploi. Le partage géographique du travail," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 270(1), pages 37-50.
    5. A S Bailly & D Maillat & W J Coffey, 1987. "Service Activities and Regional Development: Some European Examples," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 19(5), pages 653-668, May.
    6. Thomas Piketty, 1998. "L'emploi dans les services en France et aux États-Unis : une analyse structurelle sur longue période," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 318(1), pages 73-99.

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    2. Daniel Brunhes, 1974. "Les progrès de la productivité du travail depuis vingt-cinq ans," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 62(1), pages 27-37.

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