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Simulation des conséquences redistributives de divers modes de renforcement de la sélectivité des allocations familiales

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  • Michel Grignon
  • Antoine Math

Abstract

[fre] Simulation des conséquences redistributives de divers modes de renforcement de la sélectivité des allocations familiales . par Michel Grignon et Antoine Math . Cet article a pour objet d'évaluer les conséquences redistributives de diverses réformes tendant à renforcer la sélectivité des allocations familiales. Les effets redistributifs sont évalués au moyen de mesures de la réduction des inégalités et de la réduction de la pauvreté. Les simulations ont été articulées autour de deux réformes : la mise sous condition de ressources et l'imposition des allocations familiales. Il apparaît que les allocations familiales versées actuellement sans condition de ressources opèrent une redistribution verticale importante et que les effets redistributifs supplémentaires ne dépendraient pas tant de ces seules réformes par elles-mêmes, mais avant tout de l'utilisation des sommes économisées et du montant total de ces sommes (et donc, indirectement, du degré de sélectivité des mesures mises en œuvre). La réduction des inégalités opérée par les allocations familiales serait accrue de façon significative seulement dans le cas d'une redistribution des économies budgétaires sous la forme de prestations supplémentaires ou d'augmentation de prestations existantes. Évaluer les conséquences redistributives d'une réforme des seules allocations familiales, notamment en termes de réduction de la pauvreté, pose en outre le problème de l'intrication des allocations familiales avec d'autres dispositifs de politique sociale, notamment les revenus minimums garantis. L'article souligne également l'intérêt et les limites des méthodes de simulation et des outils de mesure des effets redistributifs. [eng] Simulation of the Redistributive Effects of Different Methods for Improving the Selectivity of Family Allowances . by Michel Grignon and Antoine Math . This paper evaluates the redistributive effects of different reforms aimed at improving the selectivity of family allowances. The redistributive effects are evaluated by measuring the decrease in inequalities and in poverty. The simulations hinge on two reforms: the means test and the taxation of family allowances. It is shown that family allowances currently paid without being based on means exercise a substantial vertical redistribution and that the additional redistributive effects do not depend so much on these reforms in themselves as on the use of sums saved and the total of these sums (and therefore indirectly on the extent of selectivity in the measures implemented). The decrease in inequalities brought about by family allowances would significantly sharpen only in the case of a redistribution of budget savings in the form of new benefits or an increase in existing benefits. The evaluation of the redistributive effects of a reform of family allowances alone, especially in terms of the decrease in poverty, also poses the problem of how to combine family allowances with other welfare policy mechanisms, in particular guaranteed minimum incomes. The paper also underscores the value and limits of simulation methods and redistributive effect measurement tools.

Suggested Citation

  • Michel Grignon & Antoine Math, 1996. "Simulation des conséquences redistributives de divers modes de renforcement de la sélectivité des allocations familiales," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 122(1), pages 13-31.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_1996_num_122_1_5774
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.1996.5774
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.1996.5774
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Jean Bensaid & Stéphane Jacobzone & Gérard Lattes, 1993. "Protection sociale et politiques redistributives dans le contexte de l'UEM," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 262(1), pages 87-99.
    3. Henri Sterdyniak, 1992. "Pour défendre le quotient familial," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 256(1), pages 5-24.
    4. Michel Villac, 1992. "Le RMI, dernier maillon dans la lutte contre la pauvreté," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 252(1), pages 21-35.
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